离子型电活性聚合物驱动器的研究进展

Research Progress of Ionic Electroactive Polymer Actuators

近年来软驱动材料在可穿戴设备、医疗健康器件、软体机器人等领域中的重要应用引起了学术界和工业界的关注。在软驱动材料中,电活性聚合物材料(EAP)是一种在电场刺激下能够改变形状或尺寸的软驱动材料,可分为电子型和离子型EAP。与电子型EAP相比,离子型电活性聚合物(IEAP)驱动器因具有较低驱动电压,在医疗器械和可穿戴设备上具有显著的应用优势。近年来,随着电极材料和离子液体基聚合物凝胶电解质材料的发展,大大改善了传统IEAP驱动器的响应速度慢、大气中的耐久性差、电致变形和应力小等缺点。本综述中,我们较全面地总结了IEAP材料的类型以及其研究进展,包括基于离子聚合物-金属复合材料(IPMC)、导电聚合物材料(CP)、巴基凝胶(Bucky-gel)材料和离子凝胶(IG)材料等。此外,还总结了不同类型IEAP驱动器的机电耦合机制、性能和应用进展并讨论了IEAP驱动器未来发展趋势和面对的挑战。

In recent years,the important application prospect of soft actuator materials in wearable devices,medical and health devices,and soft robots etc.has received much academic and industrial attention.The electroactive polymer(EAP)which is a soft actuator material can change its shape or size by applying an electric field.The EAP materials can be divided into electronic and ionic EAP based on electromechanical mechanism.In contrast with electric EAPs,the ionic electroactive polymer(IEAP)based-actuators have significant advantages for applications in medical machines and wearable devices due to their low driving voltage.In recent years,the shortcomings of traditional IEAP-based actuators such as slow actuation rate,low durability in the atmosphere and low actuation strain and stress are significantly improved by developed electrode materials and ionic liquid based polymer gel electrolyte materials.In this review,we comprehensively summarized the progress of IEAP-based actuators including ionic polymer metal composite(IPMC)actuators,conductive polymer actuators,Bucky gel actuators and ionic gel actuators etc.In addition,we also reviewed the electromechanical coupling mechanisms and the application progresses of IEAP-based actuators,and discussed the challenges and future development trends of IEAP-based actuators.