老年慢性病患者自我感知老化与认知功能的相关性分析

Analysis of the correlation between self perceived aging and cognitive function in elderly patients with chronic diseases

目的探讨老年慢性病患者自我感知老化与认知功能的关系,为预防和延缓老年人认知障碍提供理论性依据。方法于2022年1—4月采用多阶段分层抽样法,应用自我感知老化量表、简易精神状态评价量表对辽宁省378例60岁及以上的老年慢性病患者进行问卷调查。采用二元Logistic回归分析老年慢性病患者自我感知老化与认知功能的关系。结果单因素分析显示,性别、年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、月收入、居住方式、锻炼情况及自我感知老化是老年慢性病患者认知功能受损的相关影响因素。按照自我感知老化评分的三分位数将老年慢性病患者分为3组,≤44分为Q1组,45~54分为Q2组,≥55分为Q3组,多因素Logistic回归显示,调整混杂因素后,高龄、文化程度低、独居的慢性病老年人患认知障碍的风险高,Q2、Q3组与认知障碍相关。结论自我感知老化程度消极越容易患认知障碍。帮助老年慢性病患者树立正向的自我感知老化态度有助于延缓认知功能的减退。

Objective To explore the relationship between self perceived aging and cognitive function in elderly patients with chronic diseases,so as to provide theoretical basis for preventing and delaying cognitive impairment in the elderly.Methods A total of 378 elderly patients with chronic diseases aged 60 years and over in Liaoning province from January to April 2022 were investigated by using the multistage stratified sampling method,the self perceived aging scale and the simple mental state assessment scale.The relationship between self perceived aging and cognitive function of elderly patients with chronic diseases was analyzed by binary Logistic regression.Results Univariate analysis showed that the gender,age,marital status,education level,monthly income,mode of living,exercise state and self perceived aging were the related influencing factors of cognitive impairment in elderly patients with chronic diseases.The elderly patients with chronic diseases were divided into 3 groups according to the three quantiles of the self perceived aging score,wit h≤44 being group Q1,45-54 being group Q2,and≥55 being group Q3.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for confounding factors,elderly people with chronic diseases who were old,had low education level and live alone had a high risk of cognitive impairment,groups Q2 and Q3 were related to cognitive impairment.Conclusion Negative self perception of aging is more likely to suf fer from cognitive impairment.Helping the elderly patients with chronic diseases to establish a positive attitude towards self perception of aging will help delay the decline of cognitive function.