科幻文学研究在中国

Science Fiction Studies in China

科幻文学研究在中国经历了百余年的发展历程。在中国比较文学史的范畴下探讨该论题,关注的研究主体是中国学者,研究客体则兼顾本土及海外的科幻文学。以是否遵循严格的学术范式为标准,科幻文学的研究可分为“半专业”和“专业”两种类型。长期以来,两类研究人群取长补短,共同为中国科幻研究事业的发展做出了重要贡献。中国的科幻文学半专业研究起源于20世纪初,主要有作家感悟、科幻迷评论等形式。中国的科幻文学专业研究兴起于20世纪90年代,勃发于21世纪,经历了从寂寞星火到梦想燎原的发展阶段。专业研究者虽与半专业研究者有部分重叠,但更多来自高等院校,他们普遍拥有博士学位,接受过完整而系统的学术训练,也熟谙现代学术范式,产出的成果在深度、广度和规范性上都有了很大提升,具体成绩主要体现在五个方面:各类学术活动持续开展、众多学术组织陆续成立、高层次的科研项目和学术成果涌现、高校人才培养成果斐然、国际交流亮点纷呈。21世纪以来,中国学界在科幻文学领域取得的研究成果依据内容可划分为六大领域:研究资料整理及译介、文学史撰写、作家及作品研究、综论类著作、译介及传播研究、代表性专题研究。尽管现有的成绩在数量和质量上都是空前的,但科幻文学在中国依然有着广阔的研究空间期待着后继者去开拓。

The study of science fiction has gone through more than 100 years of development in China.To explore this topic in the context of the history of Chinese comparative literature,the research subject is Chinese scholars,and the research object is both local and overseas science fiction.Based on the strict academic paradigm,the research of science fiction can be divided into two types:"semi-professional"and"professional."For a long time,the two groups of researchers have learned from each other and made important contributions to the development of science fiction studies in China.Semi-professional research originated in the early 20th century,mainly in the form of writers’perceptions,science fiction fan comments,etc.Professional research rose in the 1990s and has flourished in the 21st century.It has developed from lonely spark to prairie fire.Although there is some overlap with semi-professional researchers,most professional researchers come from universities.They generally have doctorate degrees,have received complete and systematic academic training,and are familiar with modern academic paradigms.Their output has greatly improved in depth,breadth and standardization,mainly reflected in five aspects:the continuous development of academic activities,the establishment of academic organizations,the emergence of high-level research projects and academic achievements,the remarkable achievements of talent training in universities,and the bright spots of international exchanges.Since the 21st century,research achievements in science fiction can be divided into six major areas:research data collation and translation,literary history writing,writers and works research,comprehensive works,translation and communication research,and representative thematic research.Although the existing achievements are unprecedented in terms of quantity and quality,there is still a broad research space to be explored by successors.