作为实质性解决行政争议配套机制的行政应诉

Response to Administrative Litigation as a Supporting Mechanism for Substantive Settlement of Administrative Disputes

最高人民法院公布的首批15个行政应诉典型案例,为观察法定行政机关负责人出庭应诉制度实效提供了重要样本。行政应诉通过承载空间和信息基础的供给,在实质性解决行政争议过程中扮演了沟通平台角色。行政应诉庭审旁听普法功能和理性对话互信功能的释放,能够发挥预防行政争议产生的溢出效应。人民法院在坚守依法审判底线思维和以人民为中心行政审判观的基础上,可以通过促成行政自我拓展应诉案件范围和行政应诉自我纠错结案进行正向激励,并针对行政机关拒不履行出庭应诉和聚焦实质化解发声义务进行反向问责,进一步激活中国特色行政应诉制度的治理效能。

The first batch of 15 typical cases of administrative respond to suit announced by the Supreme People’s Court provides an important sample for observing the effectiveness of the system of legal administrative organ heads appearing in court to respond to litigation. Administrative response to suit plays a role of communication platform in the process of substantive settlement of administrative disputes through the provision of bearing space and information foundation. The release of the function of auditing law popularization and rational dialogue and mutual trust in administrative respond to suit can produce spillover effect of preventing administrative disputes. On the basis of adhering to the bottom line thinking of trial according to law and the concept of people-centered administrative trial, the people’s court can provide positive incentives by promoting the administrative self-expansion of the scope of responding cases and the self-correction of administrative responding cases, and conduct reverse accountability for the administrative organs’ refusal to perform the duty of responding in court and focusing on the substantive resolution of voice, further activating the governance effectiveness of the system of administrative respond to suit with Chinese characteristics.