天津地区儿童哮喘血清过敏原检测结果分析

The analysis of serum allergen detection results in children with asthma in Tianjin area

目的探讨天津地区儿童哮喘患者吸入过敏原分布特征。方法回顾性研究就诊于天津市儿童医院的1005例哮喘患儿,分析不同年龄组、不同季节哮喘患儿吸入过敏原特异性IgE(sIgE)的分布特征。结果(1)吸入过敏原sIgE的总阳性率为79.40%,其中最常见的过敏原依次为交链孢霉(51.94%)、屋尘(31.94%)和粉尘螨(30.25%);(2)不同年龄组屋尘螨、粉尘螨、猫毛皮屑、狗毛皮屑、蟑螂、交链孢霉和艾蒿阳性率的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(3)猫毛皮屑、交链孢霉、柳树和普通豚草阳性率在不同季节间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论天津地区哮喘患儿吸入过敏原主要为交链孢霉、屋尘和粉尘螨,不同年龄组、不同季节过敏原分布存在差异,检测吸入过敏原sIgE对儿童哮喘的诊断和预防具有重要价值。

Objective To explore the distribution characteristics of inhaled allergens in children with asthma in Tianjin area.Methods A retrospective study of 1005 children with asthma in Tianjin Children’s Hospital was given.The distribution characteristics of inhaled allergen specificity Ige(sIgE)in children with asthma in different age groups and seasons were analyzed.Results(1)The total positive rate of inhaled allergen sIgE was 79.40%.The most common allergens were Alternaria(51.94%),house dust(31.94%)and dust mite(30.25%).(2)There were significant differences in the positive rates of house dust mites,dust mites,cat dander,dog dander,cockroaches,Alternaria and mugwort in different age groups(P<0.05).(3)The positive rates of cat fur dander,Alternaria,willow and common ragweed were significantly different in different seasons(P<0.05).Conclusion The inhaling allergens of asthmatic children in Tianjin area were mainly Alternaria,house dust and dust mite.There were differences in the distribution of allergens in different age groups and seasons.The detection of inhaled allergen sIgE was of great value in the diagnosis and prevention of asthma patients.