政策工具视角下我国地方“送教上门”政策文本分析

An Analysis of China’s“Home Delivery of Education”Policy from the Perspective of Policy Tools

本研究基于送教上门政策工具、实施关键环节、发布时间和发布地区的四维分析框架,对我国21份地方性法律法规的“送教上门”政策文本进行量化分析。结果表明:政策发布主体集中且参与部门多元化,但各部门间联系需待加强;以两期特殊教育提升计划为区分标志,教育政策具有明显阶段性特征;地方送教上门政策具有区域差异,各地政策教育服务特色有待凸显;政策工具使用类型具有明显偏好,工具组合与应用存在优化空间;三大教育要素实施环节不平衡,重教育服务供给,轻教育监督评价。未来送教上门政策需加强政策主体协调合作;政策制定需因时而变、因地制宜、优化结构;教育实施环节需加强监督、重视评价。

This study conducts a quantitative analysis of 21 local laws and regulations on“home delivery of education”in Chinese mainland based on a four-dimensional analysis framework of policy tools,key aspects of implementation,release time and release area.The results show that the policy issuing bodies are centralized and the participating departments are diversified,but the links between the departments need to be strengthened;the two phases of the special education upgrading plan are the distinguishing marks,and the education policies have obvious stage characteristics;home delivery of education policies have regional differences,and the educational service characteristics of each policy need to be highlighted;there is obvious preference of the type of policy tools,and room for optimizing tool combination and application;the implementation of the three major educational elements is unbalanced,with more emphasis on education service supply than on education supervision and evaluation.In the future,the home delivery of education policy needs to strengthen the coordination and cooperation of policy subjects;the policy development needs to be adapted to the times,local conditions and optimal structure;education implementation needs to strengthen supervision and attention to evaluation.