不同运动方式男性青年血液转录组特征分析

A Comparative Study on Blood Transcriptomics Characteristics of Male Youth with Different Exercise Habits

通过转录组学技术分析长期耐力运动和力量运动的男性青年与无运动习惯人群血液中基因转录情况,从转录水平上研究机体对耐力运动和力量运动在身体活动与健康促进中的反应。招募18~29岁无运动习惯(NEH,n=20,22.38 kg/m^(2)±1.84 kg/m^(2))、耐力运动习惯(EEH,n=20,20.9 kg/m^(2)±1.59 kg/m^(2))和力量运动习惯(REH,n=20,25.12 kg/m^(2)±2.32 kg/m^(2))的男性青年60名,清晨空腹安静状态下肘静脉处取血,利用RNA-Seq转录组测序方法分析血液的基因表达情况、筛选差异表达基因,使用DAVID 6.8数据库对差异基因进行GO功能和KEGG通路富集等生物学功能分析。转录组结果显示,EEH组vs NEH组和REH组vs NEH组有124个共有差异表达基因,显著富集在磷脂酰肌醇信号系统、cAMP信号通路、TRP通道的炎症介质调节、甲状腺激素信号通路、破骨细胞分化等KEGG代谢通路上。EEH组vs NEH组有649个差异表达基因,显著富集在类风湿关节炎、补体和凝血级联、Ⅰ型糖尿病、吞噬体及造血细胞谱系等KEGG代谢通路上。REH组vs NEH组有804个差异表达基因,显著富集在吞噬体、造血细胞谱系、NOD样受体信号通路、Ⅰ型糖尿病、抗原加工和呈递等KEGG代谢通路上。表明:长期运动通过调节相关基因表达增强机体免疫、维持神经系统功能。长期进行不同方式运动的男性青年的血液转录组学特征差异提示:耐力运动通过调节CD80、HLA-DPB2、OLR1、THBS1-AS1和CDC37P2以及C4B等基因的表达水平改善机体血糖水平、增强机体免疫功能、促进脂代谢、预防机体衰老,力量运动通过调节FCGR1CP、IL1B、IL1R1,ZCCHC9和P2RX7以及CASP5等基因的表达水平降低炎症水平、促进血管生成以及预防中枢性神经退化疾病。

Objective:regular physical activity benefits people’s health throughout life,while the blood transcriptomics characteristics of long-term endurance and resistance exercise remain unclear.The aim of the current study was to analyze the characteristics of blood transcriptomics among people with long-term endurance and resistance exercise habits and those without exercise habits.Methods:60 healthy young male college students aged 18-29 years meeting the criteria were recruited for three groups,NEH(n=20,BMI:22.38±1.84 kg/m~2),EEH(n=20,BMI:20.9±1.59 kg/m~2)and REH(n=20,BMI:25.12±2.32 kg/m~2).Early in the morning,the blood samples were collected from the elbow vein under fasting under peaceful condition and stored in the PAXgene tube at-20℃.RNA-Seq transcriptome sequencing method was used to examine gene expression of different groups and to identify differentially expressed genes(DEGs).DAVID 6.8 was used to analyze DEGs’biological function.Results:compared with the NEH group,124 DEGs in the EEH group and REH group were significantly enriched in the phosphatidylinositol signaling system,cAMP signaling pathway,inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels,thyroid hormone signaling pathway,and osteoclast differentiation.649 DEGs were identified between the EEH group and NEH group,and enrichment analysis indicated that rheumatoid arthritis,complement and coagulation cascades,type 1 diabetes,phagosome,and hematopoietic cell lineages KEGG pathways were considerably enriched.804 DEGs in the REH group were enriched in phagosomes,hematopoietic cell lineages,NOD-like receptor signaling,type I diabetes,antigen processing and presentation KEGG pathways.Conclusion:long-term physical activity enhances the function of immunological and nervous system through regulating related gene expression.On the level of transcriptomics,endurance exercise improves glucose and lipid metabolism,strengthens immunological function and prevents aging through regulating genes like CD80、HLA-DPB2、OLR1、THBS1-AS1、CDC37P2and C4B.Resistance exercise reduces inflammation,promotes angiogenesis,and slows down neurodegeneration through regulating FCGR1CP、IL1B、IL1R1,ZCCHC9、P2RX7 and CASP5.Our findings show the molecular mechanism of exercise for health,but further research is still needed.