分权式改革、经济赶超与城乡公共服务均等化

Decentralized Reform,Economic Catch-up and Urban-rural Public Service Equalization

中国的分权式改革和经济赶超行为对城乡公共服务均等化具有重要影响。基于2000—2019年31个省市的面板数据对我国城乡公共服务均等化水平进行测度,并进一步构建理论模型探讨分权式改革、经济赶超对城乡公共服务非均衡发展的传导路径和影响机制。研究发现,我国城乡公共服务均等化水平整体呈现上升趋势,空间维度上西部地区的城乡公共服务差距最大、中部次之、东部最低;无论是经济分权还是财政分权,均能显著提高城乡公共服务均等化水平,但行政分权的作用机制不明显;地方政府的经济赶超行为弱化了分权式改革对缩小城乡公共服务差距的政策效果。

2000-2019,and further constructs a theoretical model to explore the transmission paths and influence mechanisms of decentralized reform and economic catch-up on the uneven development of urban-rural public services.The results show that in both spatial and temporal dimensions,the overall level of urban-rural public service equalization in China shows an upward trend,with the largest urban-rural public service gap in the western region,the second largest in the central region,and the lowest in the eastern region;both economic decentralization and fiscal decentralization can significantly improve the level of urban-rural public service equalization,but the mechanism of administrative decentralization is not obvious;the economic catch-up behavior of local governments weakens the effect of decentralization reform on the development of urban-rural public service equalization.In terms of heterogeneous economic geography,the above findings still hold for different subgroups of economic catch-up and urbanization rates.Accordingly,the strategic goal of equalizing basic public services should be achieved in terms of optimizing the top-level design of decentralized reforms,comprehensively promoting the strategy of integrated urban-rural development,and innovating the mechanism of supplying rural public products.