咸阳市某医院住院患者死因分析

Analysis of Death Causes of Inpatients in a Hospital of Xianyang City

目的了解咸阳市某医院住院死亡患者死因构成,为医院确定医疗、护理管理重点,提高医疗服务质量,降低病死率提供依据。方法使用Excel 2010和SPSS 22.0对咸阳市某院2010年1月1日-2019年12月31日704例住院死亡病例进行统计分析,死亡原因依据ICD-10疾病分类编码。结果某院住院患者10年间总体病死率为0.24%,其中男性病死率为0.34%,女性病死率为0.15%,死亡患者性别分布差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=110.844,P<0.001);不同性别、年龄的住院患者死因构成差异有统计学意义(P=0.002,P<0.001);循环系统疾病(25.1%)、呼吸系统疾病(18.2%)、肿瘤(17.8%)、损伤中毒(15.2%)和消化系统疾病(7.81%)为医院患者主要死亡原因,肿瘤所致死亡人数上升明显并在近2年居首位,呼吸和循环系统疾病死亡人数在近2年下降。结论循环、呼吸系统等慢性非传染性疾病是某院患者的主要死因,肿瘤为近2年住院患者死亡首要原因。医疗机构应根据患者性别、年龄、死因构成等情况,合理配置医疗资源,改进医疗服务质量,降低病死率。

Objectives This study aims to explore the cause of death of inpatient deaths in a hospital in Xianyang City in order to provide a basis for hospitals to determine the focus of medical care and nursing management,improve the quality of medical services,and reduce the fatality rate.Methods This study used Excel 2010 and SPSS 22.0 to conduct statistical analysis on 704 hospitalized deaths in a hospital in Xianyang City from January 1,2010 to December31,2019.The causes of death were classified according to ICD-10 disease classification code.Results The overall case fatality rate of inpatients in a hospital for 10 years was 0.24%,of which the case fatality rate was 0.34%for males and 0.15%for females.There was a significant difference in the gender distribution of discharged patients(χ^(2)=110.844,P=0.00).There were significant differences in causes of death in different gender and age groups(Fisher exact test,P=0.002,P<0.001).Circulatory system disease(25.1%),respiratory system disease(18.2%),tumor(17.8%),injury poisoning(15.2%),and digestive system disease(7.81%)were the main causes of death in hospital patients.The number of deaths caused by tumors rose significantly and ranked first in the past two years.The number of deaths from respiratory and circulatory diseases declined in the past two years.Conclusions Chronic non-communicable diseases such as circulatory and respiratory systems were the main causes of death for patients in this hospital.Cancer was the leading cause of death in hospitalized patients in the past two years.Medical institutions should allocate medical resources reasonably,improve the quality of medical services,and reduce the fatality rate according to gender,age,and cause of death of patients.