洗涤剂中总活性物含量测定方法的改进

The Improvements of the Determination of Total Active Matter Contents in Various Detergents

国家标准GB/T 13173-2021《表面活性剂洗涤剂试验方法》规定了洗涤剂中总活性物含量的测定方法,实践中发现该方法存在过滤操作用时较长,深色样品在采用滴定法分析氯化钠含量时滴定终点不明确,测定溶剂不溶物需使用高毒性的氯仿等不足。针对这些不足,在总活性物含量测定法A法中过滤分离时以玻璃漏斗替代古氏坩埚,缩短了操作步骤。选择电位滴定法分析带色样品中氯化钠含量,避免了样品溶液颜色对硝酸银滴定法测定氯化钠含量时的影响,提高检验结果准确性。使用二氯甲烷/甲醇(98︰2,体积比)混合物替代了GB/T 13173-2021总活性物含量测定法B法中具有高度致癌性的三氯甲烷,提高试验安全性。数据表明以上改进提高了分析方法的实用性和安全性,具有现实推广意义。

Some shortcomings were observed in the practice of national standard GB/T 13173-2021Surfactant Detergent Test Methods.These weakness includes the time-consuming filtration procedures,the uncertainty in visually choosing the end-point of titration during the quantification of sodium chloride content of the colored samples as well as the use of the highly toxic chloroform during the analysis of insoluble substances.Herein,to tackle these problems,glass funnels instead of Buchner funnels were used to reduce the required analyzing time of TAM(method A).The reliability and reproducibility of the sodium chloride content were enhanced by using potentiometric titration for colored products.The employment of highly toxic chloroform was also replaced by a mixture of dichloromethane/methanol(98/2,in volume ratio)in the analysis of insoluble substances(method B).These improvements increases the utility and the safety of the GB/T 13173-2021,and are suitable for a wider range of applications.