高校毕业生创业模仿行为形成机理研究--基于扎根理论的分析

The formation mechanism of university graduates′ entrepreneurial imitation behavior: an analysis based on grounded theory

本研究运用扎根理论方法构建了高校毕业生创业模仿行为形成机理模型。模型表明,高校毕业生创业模仿行为可分为从众型、学习型和创造型三种类型;利益驱使、榜样引领和感知合理性等因素是高校毕业生创业模仿行为的主要驱动力;学校、政府、企业和亲友等外部支持性因素是其创业模仿行为的重要支持力;个人特质、资源禀赋和创业效能感等因素对其创业模仿行为具有重要调节作用;创业风险和模仿风险等感知因素对其创业模仿行为具有阻碍作用。高校要帮助大学生规避功利性创业价值取向的影响,以正面创业榜样进行引导;为大学生提供融入双创实践的机会,以提升其双创实践能力;重视创造性和原生性创业培育,以鼓励其在模仿中创新;建立和完善保障机制,为其模仿创业提供全方位支持。

Based on grounded theory, this study constructs the formation mechanism model of university graduates′ entrepreneurial imitation behavior. The model shows the entrepreneurial imitation behavior of university graduates can be divided into three types: conformity, learning and creativity. Factors such as driven by interests, guided by models and perceived rationality are the main driving forces for the formation of entrepreneurial imitation behavior of university graduates. External supporting factors such as schools, government, enterprises, relatives and friends are significant supporting forces for their entrepreneurial imitation behavior. Factors such as personal characteristics, resources endowment and entrepreneurial efficacy play an important role in regulating their entrepreneurial imitation behavior. The perceived factors such as entrepreneurial risk and imitation risk hinder their entrepreneurial imitation behavior. In the education of mass entrepreneurship and innovation in universities, university students should be helped to avoid the impact of utilitarian entrepreneurial value orientation and guided by positive entrepreneurial examples;opportunities should be provided for university students to integrate into the practice of mass entrepreneurship and innovation, so as to enhance their capacity for entrepreneurship and innovation practice;the cultivation of creativity and original entrepreneurship should be attached importance to encourage them to innovate in imitation;at the same time, the guarantee mechanism should be established and improved to strengthen the all-round support for university graduates′ entrepreneurship.