论《立法法》规定监察法规制定权

On the Power to Formulate Oversight Regulations in The Legislation Law of thePRC

在《立法法》中规定监察法规制定权,首先要明确监察法规在何种程度上进入到《立法法》的调整范围,这表现为相关规定的详略选择。参照现行《立法法》对现有立法活动规范程度的差异安排,并结合监察法规的属性和监察立法活动的现实,《立法法》宜增设“监察法规”一章就监察法规制定权作出专门规定。在内部视角上,《立法法》明确监察法规的制定权限,包括执行性立法和创制性立法两类,同时以监察立法的民主化和科学化为指引,合理设计国家监察委员会制定监察法规的程序;在外部视角上,考虑到监察法规是我国法律体系的构成部分,《立法法》还需妥善处理监察法规与其他法律的关系,表现为对监察法规效力位阶的合理设定,因应监察法规的特征完善备案审查制度,以及规定国务院和国家监察委员会可以联合制定行政法规。

To stipulate the power to formulate Oversight Regulations in the Legislation Law,it is principal to clarify the extent to which Oversight Regulations enter the scope of adjustment of the Legislation Law,which is manifested in setting of the detailed and abbreviated parts of relevant regulations.With reference to the different provisions on existing legislative activities in the current Legislation Law,combined with the attributes of the Oversight Regulations and the reality of formulating the Regulations,Chapter V,"the Oversight Regulations"is added to make specialized provisions on the power to formulate Oversight Regulations.Legislation Law should also elucidate the power from an internal perspective,including executive legislation and autonomous legislation;at the same time,according to the democratization and scientificization of supervision legislation,the procedures for formulating Oversight Regulations by the National Commission of Supervision should be rationally designed.From an external perspective,with the Oversight Regulations as an integral part of the Chinese socialist legal system,the Legislation Law also needs to properly handle the relationship between Oversight Regulations and other laws,which is reflected in the applicable setting of the hierarchy of laws,the improvement of the recordation review system in response to the characteristics of Oversight Regulations,and stipulation that the State Council and the National Commission of Supervision can jointly formulate the administrative regulation.