企业参与高职院校技能型人才培养意愿的影响机理研究——基于企业视角的实证研究

Research on the Influence Mechanism of Enterprises’ Willingness to Participate in the Cultivation of Skilled Talents in Higher Vocational Colleges——Empirical Research Based on Enterprises’ Perspective

企业参与高职院校办学是由职业教育属性决定的,企业参与动力直接影响技能型人才培养质量。基于计划行为理论及其分析框架,对苏州市250家企业参与高职院校协同育人意愿调查发现:企业参与意愿受行为态度、主观规范和感知行为控制显著正向影响;企业行为态度受感知收益显著正向影响,受感知成本和感知风险显著负向影响;企业主观规范受指令性规范和示范性规范显著正向影响;企业感知行为控制受组织效能和资源控制能力显著正向影响。基于此,提出构建基于企业全程参与的“招生—培养—就业”一体化协同育人模式,平衡企业育人成本、风险与收益;优化隐性契约治理机制,增强企业社会责任意识;重塑企业协同育人角色定位,拓展企业参与方式。

Enterprises’ participation in higher vocational colleges is determined by the attribute of vocational education. The lack of enterprises’ participation motivation has seriously affected the training quality of skilled talents. Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior,this paper investigates 250 enterprises’ willingness to participate in collaborative education in higher vocational colleges in Suzhou. It is found that the enterprises’ willingness to participate is significantly affected by behavior attitude positively, subjective norms and perceived behavior control. Enterprises’ attitude is significantly affected by perceived benefits positively and negatively affected by perceived costs and perceived risks. The subjective norms of enterprises are significantly positively affected by mandatory norms and exemplary norms.Enterprises’ perceived behavior control is significantly affected by organizational effectiveness and resources control ability positively. Based on this, this paper proposed to build an integrated collaborative education model of“enrollment, training and employment”based on the whole process participation of enterprises, so as to balance the cost, risk and income of enterprises’ participating in education. It also proposed to optimize the implicit contract governance mechanism and enhance the awareness of corporate social responsibility, as well as to reshape the role orientation of enterprise collaborative education and expand the ways of enterprises’ participation.