苏州某高职学校学生抑郁现状及与童年期虐待和校园欺凌的相关性研究

Association between depressive symptoms with childhood abuse and school bullying of students in a vocational college in Suzhou

目的 了解高职学校学生抑郁症状的流行情况,分析童年期虐待和校园欺凌对大学生抑郁症状的影响。方法2020年10月在苏州某高校选取在校大学生6 366名进行问卷调查。使用“童年期虐待评定量表”评价童年期虐待;采用“抑郁症状自评量表”评价大学生抑郁症状的发生情况;采用“Olweus欺负问卷”中的校园欺凌相关条目评价大学生校园欺凌的发生情况。结果 大学生抑郁症状检出率为23.6%。有童年期虐待和校园欺凌经历组与对照组相比,大学生抑郁症状检出率差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=17.47,P<0.001;χ^(2)=5.16,P=0.002)。logistic回归模型联合作用分析结果显示,在有童年期虐待经历的情况下,有校园欺凌经历抑郁症状发生风险更大(OR=1.83,95%CI:1.30~2.57)。结论 童年期虐待与校园欺凌是大学生抑郁症状的重要危险因素,减少童年期虐待和校园欺凌的发生,有助于促进大学生身心健康发展。

Objective To understand the prevalence of depressive symptoms among vocational college students,and analyze the impact of childhood abuse and campus bullying on depressive symptoms of college students.Methods In October2020,a questionnaire survey was conducted among 6 366 college students selected from a university in Suzhou.The "Childhood Abuse Rating Scale" was used to evaluate childhood abuse;The incidence of depressive symptoms in college students was evaluated with the Self Rating Depression Scale;The campus bullying related items in the " Olweus Bullying Questionnaire" were used to evaluate the occurrence of college students’ campus bullying.Results The prevalence of depressive symptoms among college students was 23.6%.Compared with the control group,the group with childhood abuse and campus bullying experience had statistically significant difference in the detection rate of depressive symptoms among college students(χ^(2)=17.47,P<0.001;χ^(2)=5.16,P=0.002).The combined effect analysis of logistic regression model showed that in the case of childhood abuse,there was a greater risk of depression symptoms from school bullying(OR=1.83,95%CI:1.30-2.57).Conclusion Childhood maltreatment and campus bullying are important risk factors for college students’ depressive symptoms.Reducing the incidence of childhood maltreatment and campus bullying is helpful to promote the development of college students’ physical and mental health.