含气液体的流量测量研究

Research on Flow Measurement of Liquids Containing Gas

含气液体的流量测量,严格地说是气液两相流的流量测量问题。气液混合物在管道内流动,随着管道布置方向、流动方向以及气液两相体积比的不同,流动结构大不相同,加大了其流量测量难度。对于含气液体的流量测量,简单而又常用的方法是先作气液分离,再分别测量气相和液相的流量。对于所含气体为空气的对象,常用消气器先将气体分出,再排放掉。当含气量不多时,常用气体收集器先捕捉气体,再排放掉。列举了水中、凝结水中、液态化工产品中,以及油品中含气的四个实例,详细叙述了处理方法并对相关机理进行了讨论。实践证明,尽管液体的性质不同,工况条件多样,但所采取的措施是行之有效的。另有一类测量对象也可转变思路,化含气为不含气,即根据含气率与其温度压力的关系合理选择流量计在流程中的安装位置,避开含气问题。此思路亦具有异曲同工之妙。

Flow measurement of gas-containing liquids is strictly a matter of flow measurement of gas-liquid two-phase flow. Gas-liquid mixture flow in the pipeline, with the pipeline layout direction, flow direction and the gas-liquid two-phase volume ratio, the flow structure is very different, increasing the difficulty of its flow measurement. Gas-containing liquid flow measurement, a simple and common method is to make gas-liquid separation, and then measure the flow of gas and liquid phase respectively. For the gas contained in the object of air, commonly used to eliminate the gas will be separated, and then discharged. When the gas content is small, a gas collector is often used to capture the gas and then discharged. Four examples of gas in water, condensate, liquid chemical products, and oil are listed, and the treatment methods are described in detail and the related mechanisms are discussed. The measures taken have proven to be effective despite the different nature of the liquids and the diverse working conditions. Another class of measurement objects can also change the idea of gas to gas-free, that is, according to the rate of gas and its temperature and pressure of the relationship between the reasonable choice of flowmeter installation location in the process, to avoid the problem of gas.And this idea is the same thing.