新冠疫情期间保障急诊医疗服务质量的探究--基于Python网络爬虫可视化分析公众对疫情期间急诊延误事故的反应

Quality assurance of emergency medical service during COVID-19 pandemic:a visual analysis of public responses to delay in emergency treatment during COVID-19 pandemic based on Python web crawler technology

目的基于公众对疫情期间急诊延误事故的反应,分析疫情期间如何保障急诊医疗服务质量。方法采用Python网络爬虫抓取知乎平台下公众对某一疫情期间急诊延误事故相关问题的回答,采用词云图可视化展现回答内容,并统计公众关注的导致疫情期间急诊服务质量下降的原因、公众对法规改进和社区医疗的建议。结果公众普遍认为,此次急诊事故的发生与疫情防控密切相关。公众关注的因素主要包括私立医院的营业性质、法规不合理、行政管理者、医院基层和社区的过失。通过进一步分析讨论可知,疫情对急诊就诊的影响主要在于急诊就诊资源减少、急诊流程延长和交叉感染风险增加等。私立医院存在大量监管漏洞,监管机构可以从检查方式和准入标准等方面强化监督。卫生行政管理部门应当合理统筹医疗资源,建设实时应急管理信息发布通道并严惩急诊拒诊。医院应当优化医院结构,设置不同等级的院感风险区,并设立专门值班室。社区卫生服务中心应当做好预检分流工作,落实双向转诊并优化医疗配置。结论从政府、医院、社区多角度协同保障疫情期间的急诊医疗质量,可改善现有卫生管理的不足。

ObjectiveTo analyze public responses to delay in emergency treatment during COVID-19 pandemic and to investigate quality assurance of emergency medical service during COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsPython web crawler technology was used to obtain the answers of the public to one question on delay in emergency treatment during COVID-19 pandemic. Word cloud diagram was used to visualize the answers. The factors of concern to the public that decreased quality of emergency medical service during COVID-19 pandemic and suggestions of the public on legislation and community medical treatment were analyzed.ResultsThe public generally attributed the delay in emergency treatment to the policy of epidemic prevention and control. The main factors of concern to the public included business nature of private hospitals, unreasonable legislation, administrators, and faults of the hospital and community. Moreover, the main impacts of the epidemic on emergency treatment included decrease in emergency treatment resources, prolongation of the emergency treatment process and increased risk of cross-infection. There were a large number of loopholes in supervising private hospitals, so the government could adjust supervision measures and entrance standard to strengthen the effect of supervision. Health administrative departments should coordinate medical resources rationally, establish public platform to release emergency management information in real time and punish refusal of emergency treatment severely. Hospitals should optimize hospital structure and set up different levels of hospital risk areas and special duty rooms. Community health service centers should do a good job of pre-screening and diversion, implement two-way referral and optimize medical allocation.ConclusionExisting health management systems can be improved through coordinated quality assurance of emergency medical service from different perspectives during COVID-19 pandemic.