母乳中胆固醇及胆固醇酯分布规律研究

Distribution of cholesterol and cholesteryl ester in breast milk

该研究利用超高效液相色谱-高分辨质谱技术对母乳中胆固醇和胆固醇酯进行系统性定性定量分析,分析不同泌乳阶段(初乳1~7 d、过渡乳8~15 d、成熟乳16 d以后)胆固醇及胆固醇酯组成及含量差异。结果表明,除胆固醇外,初乳、过渡乳和成熟乳中分别存在13、11、7种微量胆固醇酯,整个泌乳期中二十四酸胆固醇酯(C24∶0)和棕榈酸胆固醇酯(C16∶0)含量最高。母乳中胆固醇及胆固醇酯含量存在较大的个体差异,但总体上呈现出初乳中胆固醇及胆固醇酯的含量均为最高。其中不同的胆固醇酯之间表现出一定相关性,尤其是二十二碳烯酸胆固醇酯(C22∶1)与硬脂酸胆固醇酯(C18∶0)具有极强的相关性(皮尔逊相关系数为0.88)。研究结果可为婴配食品的生产研发提供借鉴和参考。

Breast milk can provide all the nutrition needed for the infant in the first 6 months after birth,and is the best choice for the healthy growth and development of newborns and infants.A systematic qualitative and quantitative analysis of cholesterol and cholesteryl esters in breast milk was conducted byultra-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry(UPLC-HRMS).The composition and content differences of cholesterol and cholesteryl esters in different lactation stages(1-7 d of colostrum,8-15 d of transition milk,and after 16 d of mature milk)were analyzed.Results showed that besides cholesterol,there were 13,11,and 7 kinds of trace cholesteryl esters in colostrum,transitional milk,and mature milk,respectively,and the contents of cholesteryl tetracosanoate(C24∶0)and cholesteryl palmitate(C16∶0)were the highest in the whole lactation period.There were big individual differences in the contents of cholesterol and cholesteryl esters in breast milk,but the contents of cholesterol and cholesteryl esters in colostrum werethe highest overall.Furthermore,there was a certain correlation between different cholesteryl esters,especially between the cholesteryl docosenoate(C22∶1)and cholesteryl stearate(C18∶0)(P=0.88).This study could provide a reference for the development of infant formula food.