我国教师退休养老保障制度研究

A Study of the Teacher Retirement Pension Security System in China

为教师退休后提供可靠的养老保障,是提高教师职业吸引力、促进教育高质量发展的基础工作。我国教师养老保障制度经过改革发展,已形成包括基本养老保险、职业年金、个人养老金在内的多层次制度体系。但是,这一制度体系仍然有进一步完善的空间。建议:准确把握公办中小学教师国家公职人员身份,在国家公职人员框架内研究教师退休养老保障问题;积极探索优化教师职业年金制度的途径;支持教师参加个人养老金制度;加大政府对民办学校教师退休养老的支持;发挥学校在教师退休管理服务中的主体作用。

Providing reliable pension security for teachers after retirement is the basic work to improve the occupational attractiveness of the teacher and to promote the high-quality development of education.After undergoing the reform and development of the teacher pension security system in China,the multi-level system has been formed including the basic pension insurance,occupational annuity and personal pension.However,there is still room for further improvement of this system.Suggestions are proposed as follows:accurately grasping the status of public primary and secondary school teachers as national public officials and studying the issue of the teacher retirement pension security within the framework of national public officials,actively exploring the ways to optimize the teacher occupational annuity system,supporting teachers to participate in the personal pension system,increasing the government support for the retirement pension of teachers in private schools,and giving full play to the leading role of the school in teacher retirement management services.