晚期胆道系统恶性肿瘤的免疫治疗进展

Progress of immunotherapy in advanced biliary tract cancer

胆道系统恶性肿瘤是一种恶性程度极高的消化系统肿瘤,多数病人确诊时已属晚期,预后极差。目前,全身系统性化疗是晚期胆道系统恶性肿瘤的一线治疗选择,但是总体疗效并不理想。免疫治疗开启了肝胆肿瘤治疗的新时代,以免疫检查点抑制剂为基础的治疗方案在晚期胆道系统恶性肿瘤中已开展了多项临床研究,有效性和安全性逐步得到临床医生的认可。如何更加合理、有效使用免疫治疗药物是临床医生将来必须面对的重大课题。

Biliary tract cancer is one of the digestive system malignances with very poor prognosis.Majority of patients belongs to the advanced stage when diagnosed.Currently,systemic chemotherapy is the standard first-line treatment option for advanced biliary tract cancer.However,the clinical efficacy is not satisfactory.A new era has been coming while the immunotherapy is introduced in the treatment of hepatobiliary cancers.Many clinical studies have been conducted in the treatment of biliary tract cancer with immune checkpoint inhibitor drugs,and the clinical efficacy and safety are acknowledged by the clinicians.Meanwhile,further studies should focus on how to treat biliary tract cancer with immunotherapy drugs more precisely.