镁合金选区激光熔化增材制造技术研究现状与展望

Additive Manufacturing of Magnesium Alloys by Selective Laser Melting Technology: A Review

选区激光熔化(SLM)增材制造技术由于其加工精度高、制造周期短、材料利用率高等优点,在制备高性能复杂金属构件方面具有广阔的应用前景。镁合金是最轻的金属结构材料,具有密度低、比强度和比刚度高、阻尼减震性能好、生物降解性良好等优点。因此,采用SLM技术制备镁合金具有重要的研究价值,有望拓宽镁合金的应用范围。本文针对镁合金SLM增材制造技术,详细介绍了镁合金粉末制备、SLM工艺参数、冶金缺陷、SLM态的显微组织和力学性能、后处理、镁合金专用SLM设备方面的研究进展,并展望了未来镁合金SLM研究的发展方向。

Selective laser melting(SLM)additive manufacturing technology holds the broad prospect for the preparation of high-performance complex metal components owing to its high processing accura-cy,short manufacturing cycle,and high material usage.Magnesium(Mg)alloys are the lightest metal structural material and provide the benefits of low density,substantial specific strength and specific stiff-ness,good damping and shock absorption performance,and good biodegradability.Thus,it is worthwhile to employ SLM to manufacture Mg alloys,which is predicted to widen the application scope of Mg alloys.In this study,a comprehensive review on SLM of Mg alloys focusing on the preparation of Mg alloy pow-ders,SLM process parameters,metallurgical defects,microstructure and mechanical properties of the as-built state, post-processing, and special equipment developed for SLM of Mg alloys is given. Finally, thefuture development trends of the SLM of Mg alloys are explored.