机车牵引齿轮断裂对箱体振动影响分析

Effect of Tooth Fracture Fault on Dynamic Performance of Locomotive Gearbox

为获取机车牵引齿轮断裂状态下箱体的振动特征。首先得到齿轮断裂状态下的时变啮合刚度。然后将变化的齿轮啮合刚度引入斜齿轮动力学模型,建立考虑齿轮传动系统的机车车辆整车动力学模型,考虑轨道不平顺激励和实际运行工况,实现齿轮断裂状态下的箱体动力学性能仿真。仿真结果表明:主动齿轮和从动齿轮发生断裂故障时,箱体的加速度幅值都会明显增加,频域分析表明悬挂频率和啮合频率以及间隔为各自转频的边频为主要发生频率,在运营维护中,可以通过监测箱体的加速度信号来判断断齿故障的发生。

In order to obtain the vibration characteristics of locomotive gearbox under traction gear tooth fracture.Firstly,the time-varying meshing stiffness under the condition of gear fracture is obtained.Then,the change of gear meshing stiffness is introduced into the helical gear dynamics model,and the whole locomotive and vehicle dynamics model is established considering the gear transmission system.Considering the track irregularity excitation and the actual operating conditions,the dynamic performance simulation of the gear box housing under the condition of tooth fracture is realized.The simulation results show that the acceleration amplitude of the gearbox increases obviously when both the driving gear and the driven gear tooth fracture occur.The spectral analysis shows that the suspension frequency,meshing frequency and frequencies interval by the rotating frequency are the domain frequencies.In operation and maintenance,the acceleration signal of the gearbox can be used to determine the occurrence of tooth fracture fault.