临床护士心理应激对职业倦怠的影响:一个链式中介模型

The psychological stress on the job burnout of clinical nurses:a chain mediating model

目的探讨领悟社会支持与心理弹性在临床护士心理应激与职业倦怠间的中介作用。方法使用领悟社会支持量表、心理弹性量表、心理应激自评量表、职业倦怠量表对1052名临床护士进行调查。结果心理应激与心理弹性、领悟社会支持呈显著负相关,与职业倦怠呈显著正相关(r=-0.38,P<0.01;r=-0.41,P<0.01;r=0.66,P<0.01);心理弹性、领悟社会支持与职业倦怠呈显著负相关(r=-0.62,P<0.01;r=-0.60,P<0.01);领悟社会支持与心理弹性呈显著正相关(r=0.60,P<0.01)。领悟社会支持—心理弹性在临床护士心理应激与职业倦怠间具有链式中介作用,间接效应值为0.12,间接效应占总效应比值为15.2%。结论心理应激既可以直接预测临床护士的职业倦怠,又可以分别通过领悟社会支持、心理弹性的中介作用,以及领悟社会支持—心理弹性的链式中介作用间接预测临床护士的职业倦怠。

Objective To explore the relationship between psychological stress and job burnout,and the mediating effect of perceived social support and resilience.Methods Totally 1052 nurses were surveyed using the perceived social support scale(PSSS),Connor-Davidson resilience scale(CD-RISC-10),psychological stress evaluation test(PSET)and Chinese Maslach burnout inventory(CMBI).Results Correlation analysis showed that the PSET score was negatively correlated with the CD-RISC-10 and PSSS scores,but positively correlated with the CMBI score(r=-0.38,P<0.01;r=-0.41,P<0.01;r=0.66,P<0.01).Moreover,the CD-RISC-10 and PSSS scores were of significant negative correlation with the CMBI score(r=-0.62,P<0.01;r=-0.60,P<0.01).The PSSS score were of significant positively corrected with the CD-RISC-10 score(r=0.60,P<0.01).The perceived social support and resilience were of significant chain mediating effect between the psychological stress and job burnout.The indirect effect size was 0.12.The indirect effect ratio to total effect was 15.2%.Conclusion The psychological stress can not only directly predict the job burnout,but also predict the latter indirectly through the chain mediating role of the perceived social support and resilience.