妇科癌症患者家属照顾者成人依恋、家庭支持缺乏与自尊的关系

The relationship between adult attachment,lack of family support and self-esteem of family caregivers of gynecological cancer patients

目的探讨妇科癌症患者家属照顾者自尊与成人依恋、家庭支持缺乏的关系。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2020年1月-2021年12月在安徽省某三甲医院妇科就诊的妇科癌症患者的家属照顾者为研究对象。采用一般资料调查问卷、照顾者反应量表(caregiver reaction assessment,CRA)、亲密关系经历量表(experiences in close relationships inventory,ECR)分别调查家属照顾者的社会人口学资料、自尊水平、家庭支持缺乏情况及成人依恋水平。结果共发放问卷332份,回收有效问卷314份,有效回收率为94.6%。妇科癌症患者家属照顾者自尊得分为(25.12±2.61)分,依恋回避得分为(69.03±5.07)分,依恋焦虑得分为(78.32±8.54)分,家庭支持缺乏得分为(14.21±2.30)分。多元线性回归分析结果显示,照顾时间、医疗费用支付方式、患者年龄、依恋焦虑、依恋回避与家庭支持缺乏是照顾者自尊的独立影响因素(R 2=0.300,△R 2=0.270,F=9.156,P<0.001)。结论在临床中应特别关注妇科癌症家属照顾者这一群体,指导他们采取合理的情绪调节策略,帮助他们增加自尊水平,使其更好地投入到妇科癌症患者的照顾中,最终提高患者的生存质量。

Objective To explore the relationship of self-esteem of family caregivers of gynecological cancer patients to their adult attachment and lack of family support.Methods Using convenience sampling method,family caregivers of gynecological cancer patients treated in 2020 and 2021 in a class-3 grade-A hospital were enrolled and investigated demographic data,self-esteem,lack of family support and adult attachment using a general information questionnaire,a caregiver reaction assessment(CRA),and an experiences in close relationships inventory(ECR).Results A total of 332 questionnaires were distributed and 314 effective questionnaires were collected,with an effective rate was 94.6%.The scores of self-esteem,attachment avoidance,attachment anxiety and lack of family support were 25.12±2.61,69.03±5.07,78.32±8.54 and 14.21±2.30 respectively.Moreover,multiple linear regression analysis indicated that caring time,payment of medical expenses,age of patients,attachment anxiety,attachment avoidance and lack of family support were independent influencing factors of the self-esteem of caregivers(R 2=0.300,△R 2=0.270,F=9.156,P<0.001).Conclusion Special attention should be given to such population to guide them to adjust their emotions.Therefore,they can better take care of the patients,and improve the latter′s life quality.