摘要
Three design modes of seat suspension,i.e.,negative stiffness elements(NSEs),damping elements(DEs),and negative stiffness-damping elements(NSDEs),are proposed to evaluate the ride performance of a vehicle.Based on a dynamic model of a seat suspension and indexes of the root mean square deformation and acceleration of the seat suspension(x RMS)and driver s seat(a RMS),the influence of the design parameters of the NSEs,DEs,and NSDEs on the driver s ride comfort is evaluated.A genetic algorithm is then applied to optimize the parameters of the NSEs,DEs,and NSDEs.The study results indicate that the design parameters of the NSEs and NSDEs remarkably influence x RMS and a RMS,whereas those of the DEs insignificantly influence x RMS and a RMS.Based on the optimal results of the NSEs,DEs,and NSDEs,the damping force of the DEs is 98.3%lower than the restoring force of the NSEs.Therefore,the DEs are ineffective in decreasing x RMS and a RMS.Conversely,the NSEs combined with the damping coefficient of the seat suspension strongly reduce x RMS and a RMS.Consequently,the NSEs can be added to the seat suspension,and the damping coefficient of the seat suspension can also be optimized or controlled to further enhance the vehicle s ride performance.
为进一步改善车辆座椅乘坐舒适性,设计了3种分别基于负刚度结构单元(NSE)、阻尼结构单元(DE)及负刚度阻尼单元(NSDE)的座椅悬架系统.建立了座椅悬架动力学模型,以悬架位移幅和座椅加速度的均方根值为评价目标,考察了不同设计参数对座椅乘坐舒适性的影响特性,并利用遗传算法对悬架设计参数进行了优化分析.研究结果表明:基于NSE和DE单元的悬架设计参数对评价目标的影响较大,通过参数优化分析发现DE的阻尼力比NSE的恢复力低98.3%,说明DE结构单元对改善座椅隔振性能作用有限.但引入NSE结构单元后,NSDE悬架系统的振动位移幅和座椅加速度的均方根值明显减小,有效提升了座椅的隔振效果,提高了驾驶员的乘坐舒适性.
基金
The National Key Research and Development Plan(No.2019YFB2006402)
the Talent Introduction Fund Project of Hubei Polytechnic University(No.19XJK20R)
the Key Scientific Research Project of Hubei Polytechnic University(No.22xjz02A)。
