加强区域化建设提升生物经济影响力

Bioeconomy for Impact——a Call for Regionalization

不断发布或更新的生物经济战略反映出各国/地区发展生物经济的雄心壮志。生物经济概念的不清晰(模糊性)及方法的多样性常引起争议,公众很难理解生物经济是做什么以及它能为现代社会发展提供什么实质上的解决方案,导致生物经济及其方法难以在实践中得到应用,甚至被简化为生物技术。基于上述分析,提出本文的核心观点——生物经济区域化,并给出了区域化背景下生物经济的定义:在可持续经济的框架内,生产和利用生物资源(包括知识)为所有部门提供产品、工艺和服务。随后,本文分析了欧盟发展可持续生物经济区域的相关举措,并重点阐述了发展生物经济所必需的要素,包括自然资源、人力资本、工业资本和技术等。最后介绍与生物经济相关的区域产业集群,其中重点介绍了德国莱茵生物经济示范区和生物经济科学中心。

Testimony to the diversity of ambitions and expectations for the bioeconomy are bioeconomy strategies of many countries and regions.The diversity of bioeconomic approaches often leads to a meta-level and concepts are described in very general terms.Then it often remains unclear what the bioeconomy does and what practical solutions it provides,the bioeconomy is often reduced to technologies.The central hypothesis of this article is that regionalization is a key to the concretization of bioeconomy concepts,and thus to real implementation and impact relevance.We propose the bioeconomy in a very open definition as the production and utilization of biological resources(including knowledge)to provide products,processes and services in all sectors within the framework of a sustainable economy.We then analyze relevant EU initiatives for the development of a sustainable bioeconomy and focus on the elements necessary for the development of a bioeconomy,including natural resources,human capital,industrial capital and technologies.Finally,regional industry clusters related to the bioeconomy are presented,with a focus on the Bio?konomie REVIER(B?R)and The Bioeconomy Science Center(Bio SC)in Germany.