汉语二语学习者双字词加工方式研究

A study of L2 Chinese learners’ processing patterns in visual word recognition

本研究在整体性加工和分析性加工的框架下,采用词汇判断任务,以汉语母语者作为参照,考察笔画数对汉语二语学习者双字词加工的影响,探究不同语言水平的汉语二语学习者视觉词的加工方式。研究发现,识别相同的词,汉语母语者没有出现笔画数效应,而母语为拼音文字语言的汉语二语学习者则出现了显著的笔画数效应,但该效应会随汉语水平提高而减弱。这说明母语者更常采用整体性加工,而二语学习者倾向于采用分析性加工这种相对低效的加工方式。随着语言水平的提高,二语学习者对分析性加工的依赖程度会降低,整体性加工水平提高,识词效率更高,但高水平二语学习者仍没有实现从分析性加工向整体性加工的转变。

Word processing is the basis of reading. Under the framework of holistic versus analytic processing, via a contrastive study between L2 Chinese learners and native speakers, the present study probed processing strategies by examining the stroke-number effect in a lexical decision task among Chinese L2 learners with different levels of language proficiency. The results show a significant stroke-number effect among Chinese L2 learners which is mediated by L2 proficiency, while no such effect is seen in the control group with the same testing material. The findings suggest that in contrast to Chinese native speakers’ holistic processing, Chinese L2 learners with alphabetic L1 background rely more on inefficient analytic processing strategies. With the increase of language proficiency, Chinese L2 learners depend less on analytic processing and more on holistic processing, so that the reading efficiency is improved. However, the advanced L2 learners in the current study have not realized the full transition from analytic processing to holistic processing.