区域性专精特新“小巨人”企业的比较分析——以山东省为例

Comparative Analysis of Regional Specialized and Sophisticated“Little Giant”Enterprises——Take Shandong Province as an Example

“专精特新”中小企业的灵魂是创新。近年来,培育“专精特新”中小企业已上升到国家战略层面高度。国家级专精特新“小巨人”企业培育正成为我国各地区检验本地创新能力成果、提升创新能力的重要途径。以山东省为例,从比较的视角出发,阐述专精特新“小巨人”企业培育的产业创新特征、地理空间格局及实际调研情况;同时,探讨国内外其他一些地区的专精特新“小巨人”企业培育经验,包括我国浙江省和广东省的专精特新“小巨人”企业培育经验,国外如德国“隐形冠军”企业和日本“高利基”企业的培育经验。最后,对未来专精特新“小巨人”企业培育提出了新的展望。

The soul of specialized and sophisticated SMEs is innovation.For all provinces in China,cultivating specialized and sophisticated"small giant"enterprises is not only can help China to"strengthen the chain"and solve the stranglehold in key technologies,but also test the achievements of regional innovation capacity.Based on the cultivation of specialized and sophisticated"small giant"enterprises in Shandong Province,this paper compares the cultivation of specialized and sophisticated"small giant"enterprises in some regions,and guide the future.This research covers two aspects:On the one hand,sorting out the realistic characteristics of the cultivation of specialized and sophisticated"small giant"enterprises in Shandong Province,including industrial innovation characteristics,geographical spatial patterns,actual investigation;on the other hand,it discusses the cultivation experience of relevant enterprises in some typical regions at home and abroad,including the cultivation experience of specialized and sophisticated"small giant"enterprises in Zhejiang and Guangdong Province,as well as the cultivation experience of German"invisible champion"enterprises and Japanese"high-yield"enterprises.This study draws the following conclusions:First,Shandong Province has advantages in the energy,equipment and chemical industries,the number of specialized and sophisticated"small giant"enterprises is higher than the national average,the enterprises have strong strength in the field of scientific and technological innovation,and have become the leader in the innovation of SMEs in Shandong Province;Shandong's specialized and sophisticated"small giant"enterprises are widely distributed in geographical space,and high-density core areas show a trend of"multi-point flowering",indicating that the developmental differences among cities in the province are relatively small;the field survey found that the successful experience and common problems.Second,the experience of Zhejiang Province in cultivating specialized and sophisticated"small giant"enterprises includes:the private economy is active,and strong manufacturing foundation;the government provides accurate training services for specialized and sophisticated SMEs,and all kinds of policies can be implemented efficiently;the formulation of the specialized and sophisticated SMEs cultivation policy is targeted.The experience of Guangdong Province in cultivating specialized and sophisticated"small giant"enterprises includes:the foundation of manufacturing industry;making use of capital strength to broaden the financing path;actively building the specialized and sophisticated industrial park to promote the development of enterprises in the way of industrial clustering.Third,the German"invisible champion"enterprise cultivation experience covers:focus on the high-quality development of small and medium-sized enterprises;attaching importance to technological innovation and building a"trinity"innovation model.The cultivation experience of Japanese"high niche"enterprises reflects that the government promotes the development of"high niche"enterprises through industrial policies;the enterprise's own niche strategy,differentiated the competition strategy and the globalization strategy;good industrial foundation.