紫锥菊提取物对大鼠湿热泄泻的疗效及其机制

Effect and Mechanism of Echinacea purpurea Extract in Rats with Dampness-heat Diarrhea

本研究通过建立大鼠湿热泄泻模型,探讨紫锥菊提取物(EPE)对湿热泄泻大鼠的疗效,为紫锥菊提取物防治湿热泄泻提供科学依据。采用“内外湿热+大肠杆菌”建立大鼠湿热泄泻,分别给予1、3 g·kg^(-1)剂量EPE治疗,采用临床症状评分评价疾病模型,测定各组大鼠血常规、血生化、血清炎性因子、脏器指数与结肠相关基因表达水平,并对大鼠器官进行病理组织学观察。结果表明,造模后大鼠被毛蓬松、精神萎靡,扎堆,懒动,眼周出现分泌物,大便溏泄,色黄恶臭,肛周污秽。给药6 d后,高、低剂量EPE组与阳性药物组大鼠精神、饮食及临床表现均恢复正常。与空白组相比,模型组大鼠的心、脾、肺指数显著上升(P<0.05),血液中红细胞数(RBC)、血红蛋白浓度(HGB)、红细胞压积(HCT)显著降低(P<0.05);血清中尿素、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)水平显著降低(P<0.05),IL-6、IL^(-1)7、IL-23水平显著上升(P<0.05),TGF-β、IL-2、IL^(-1)0水平显著下降(P<0.05);结肠TGF-β1与Foxp3 mRNA表达量显著下降(P<0.05),RORγt mRNA表达显著上升(P<0.05);心出现大面积出血瘀血,肝水肿,脾水肿及陈旧性出血,肾出现炎性细胞增生与蛋白尿的沉积。与模型组相比,高、低剂量EPE组的心指数、脾指数、肺指数显著降低(P<0.05),血液HCT显著升高(P<0.05),血清尿素、总胆固醇(TC)、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)水平显著升高(P<0.05),血清IL^(-1)7、IL-23水平显著下降(P<0.05),TGF-β水平显著上升(P<0.05);结肠TGF-β1与Foxp3 mRNA表达显著上升(P<0.05),RORγt mRNA表达显著下降(P<0.05)。高、低剂量EPE组的脏器细胞损伤有所恢复。紫锥菊提取物能通过降低血脂、调节血清炎性因子水平及改善脏器功能以缓解大鼠湿热泄泻。

This study established a rat model of damp-heat diarrhea(DHD) to explore the efficacy of Echinacea purpurea extract(EPE) on DHD, so as to provide scientific basis for EPE in the prevention and treatment of DHD. Rats with DHD were established by “internal and external Dampness-heat+Escherichia coli”, and were treated with 1 and 3 g·kg^(-1)doses of EPE, respectively. The DHD model was evaluated by clinical symptom score, the blood routine test, blood biochemistry, serum inflammatory factors, organ index and colon related gene expression level of rats in each group were measured, and the histopathology of rat organs was observed. The results showed that the DHD rats were fluffy, depressed, piled up, lazy, secretions appeared in the eyes, loose stool with yellow and smelly, and perianal dirt was visible. After 6 days of administration, the spirit, diet and appearance of rats returned to normal in the high and low dose EPE groups and the positive drug group. Compared with the control group, the indexes of heart, spleen and lung in the model group increased significantly(P<0.05), and the numbers of red blood cell(RBC), hemoglobin(HGB) and hematocrit(HCT) in blood decreased significantly(P<0.05);the levels of urea and alanine aminotransferase(ALT) in serum decreased significantly(P<0.05), the levels of IL-6, IL^(-1)7 and IL-23 increased significantly(P<0.05). The levels of TGF-β, IL-2 and IL^(-1)0 decreased significantly(P<0.05);the expression of colon TGF-β1 and Foxp3 mRNA decreased significantly(P<0.05), the expression of RORγt mRNA increased significantly(P<0.05);Massive bleeding and stasis in the heart, edema in the liver, edema and old bleeding in the spleen, inflammatory cell proliferation and deposition of proteinuria in the kidneys. Compared with the model group, the heart, spleen and lung of the high and low dose EPE groups were significantly lower(P<0.05), the level of HCT in blood was significantly higher(P<0.05), the levels of urea, total cholesterol(TC), total protein(TP) and albumin(ALB) in serum were significantly higher(P<0.05), the levels of IL^(-1)7 and IL-23 in serum were significantly lower(P<0.05), the level of TGF-β increased significantly(P<0.05);The expression of colon TGF-β1 and Foxp3 mRNA increased significantly(P<0.05), the expression of RORγt mRNA decreased significantly(P<0.05). The organ cell damage in high and low dose EPE groups recovered. The data may be extrapolated to suggest that Echinacea purpurea extract can alleviate DHD in rats by improving organ function, reducing blood lipid and regulating the level of serum inflammatory factors.