基于“3H”理论的全程优质护理对老年糖尿病患者自我管理能力、遵医行为及生活质量的影响

Influence of Whole Process High-quality Nursing Based on"3H"Theory on Self-management Ability,Medical Compliance Behavior and Quality of Life of Elderly Patients with Diabetes

目的:分析基于“3H”理论的全程优质护理对老年糖尿病患者自我管理能力、遵医行为及生活质量的影响。方法:选取2021年2月-2022年2月福建医科大学附属泉州第一医院内分泌科收治的60例老年糖尿病患者。根据随机分组法将其为研究组(n=30)和对照组(n=30)。对照组给予常规护理,研究组给予基于“3H”理论的全程优质护理。比较两组护理前、护理2个月后的自我管理能力、焦虑评分、生活质量评分、血糖指标,护理2个月后遵医行为及护理满意度。结果:(1)护理2个月后,研究组SDSCA评分为(53.2±4.6)分,护理满意度评分为(95.1±2.4)分,均高于对照组的(46.9±3.8)、(88.8±3.5)分,且研究组焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分为(34.5±1.7)分,低于对照组的(41.1±2.2)分(t=5.783、8.131、13.002,P<0.05)。(2)护理2个月后,研究组空腹血糖(FPG)为(5.5±0.7)mmol/L,糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)为(5.2±0.6)%,餐后2 h血糖(2 h PG)为(8.1±1.6)mmol/L,均低于对照组的(6.6±0.9)mmol/L,(6.4±0.8)%,(11.1±1.5)mmol/L(t=5.284、6.573、7.492,P<0.05)。(3)护理2个月后,研究组饮食控制、坚持运动、按时复诊、按时用药占比均高于对照组(P<0.05)。(4)护理2个月后,研究组环境领域、生理领域、社会关系、心理领域评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:基于“3H”理论的全程优质护理能提高老年糖尿病患者的自我管理能力和遵医行为,有效降低血糖水平,改善患者的生活质量。

Objective:To analyze the influence of whole process high-quality nursing based on"3H"theory on selfmanagement ability,medical compliance behavior and quality of life of elderly patients with diabetes.Method:A total of 60elderly patients with diabetes admitted to the Department of Endocrinology of Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University from February 2021 to February 2022 were selected.According to random grouping method,they were divided into study group(n=30)and control group(n=30).The control group was given routine nursing,while the study group was given whole process high-quality nursing based on"3H"theory.The self-management ability,anxiety,quality of life,blood glucose index before and after 2 months of nursing,medical compliance behavior and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Result:(1)After 2 months of nursing,the SDSCA score of the study group was(53.2±4.6)points,and the nursing satisfaction score was(95.1±2.4)points,which were higher than(46.9±3.8)and(88.8±3.5)points in the control.The self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)score of the study group was(34.5±1.7)points,which was lower than(41.1±2.2)points in the control group(t=5.783,8.131,13.002,P<0.05).(2)After 2 months of nursing,the fasting blood glucose(FPG),glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)and 2 h postprandial blood glucose(2 h PG)in the study group were(5.5±0.7)mmol/L,(5.2±0.6)%and(8.1±1.6)mmol/L,which were lower than(6.6±0.9)mmol/L,(6.4±0.8)%and(11.1±1.5)mmol/L in the control group(t=5.284,6.573,7.492,P<0.05).(3)After 2 months of nursing,the proportions of diet control,persistent exercise,timely return visit and timely medication in the study group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).(4)After 2 months of nursing,the scores of environmental,physiological,social relations and psychological fields in the study group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The whole process high-quality nursing based on the"3H"theory can improve the self-management ability and medical compliance behavior of elderly diabetes patients,effectively reduce the blood glucose level,and improve the quality of life of patients.