行人应急姿态对头部损伤影响研究

Research on the impact of pedestrian emergency posture on head injury

为研究人车碰撞中厢式客车行人应急姿态对行人头部损伤的影响,基于国家车辆事故深度调查体系(National Vehicle Accident In-depth Investigation System,NAIS)中的案例,运用PC-Crash软件,建立厢式客车前部与行人的碰撞模型进行仿真实验,探讨行人应急姿态对行人头部的损伤影响.研究表明,行人上半身前倾角度越大,越有利于减轻行人头部损伤;行人身体转向角度的增加,会加重行人头部的损伤;行人下蹲角度的变化对行人头部损伤影响不大;对于行人跨步前进的姿态,HIC值受行人双腿跨步角度的大小的不同会呈现出不同的规律;行人转向加前倾复合型应急姿态相比单一前倾应急姿态更有利于减轻行人头部损伤.

To study the effect of the pedestrian’s emergency posture on the head injury in the collision between the van and the pedestrian,based on the cases in the National Vehicle Accident In-depth Investigation System(NAIS),the collision model between the front of the van and the pedestrian was established by using the PC-Crash software.Simulation experiments were carried out to explore the impact of pedestrian emergency posture on pedestrian head damage.Studies show that the greater the forward leaning angle of the pedestrian’s upper body,the more conducive to reducing the pedestrian’s head injury.Besides,the pedestrian’s head injury aggravates with the increase of the pedestrian’s body steering angle.,and the pedestrian’s head injury is not significantly affected by the change in the pedestrian’s squatting angle.As for the pedestrian’s striding forward posture,the HIC value shows different laws depending on the stepping angle of the pedestrian’s legs.The pedestrian steering and forward-leaning compound emergency posture is more conducive to reducing the pedestrian’s head than the single forward leaning emergency posture damage.