“声韵训诂学大家”如何介入“五四”新文学——论钱玄同的白话文章观

How Did Philologists Influence the New Literature during the May Fourth Movement:A Discussion on Qian Xuantong’s View of Vernacular Writing

钱玄同以声韵训诂学大家的身份加入新文学后,从文字音韵学中博搜例证为“文章即说话”提供了理据,确立了“音本位”的白话文章观。并且他提倡多采用复音词、虚词,以及全用西式标点,以实现“口说的白话”与“笔写的白话”在表意、语气上的“言文一致”。同时,他通过选择白话文学的对手、建构白话文学史、确立白话文的适用范围,破除了“五四”白话文学的历史困境。钱玄同的白话文章观较沉重地打击了文言文及以它为根柢的中国传统文章学,在中国现代文学史上有其独特的价值。

After participating in the construction of new literature during the May Fourth Movement,philologist Qian Xuantong provided evidence for the“unity of spoken and written languages”from philological perspectives,establishing the view of vernacular writing centering on“voice”.He also advocated the use of polysyllabic words,function words and Western punctuation,in order to achieve the consistency between spoken and written language in expressing meaning and presenting mood.At the same time,he broke the historical dilemma of the May Fourth vernacular literature by choosing vernacular’s opponent,constructing the history of vernacular literature,and establishing vernacular’s scope of application.Qian Xuantong’s view of vernacular writing has unique value in the history of modern Chinese literature.