陶行知的职业教育思想及其当代价值

Tao Xingzhi’s Thought of Vocational Education and Its Contemporary Value

陶行知是我国近现代职业教育早期主要的倡导者和践行者,其职业教育思想至今兼具理论价值和实践意义。陶行知职业教育思想的形成背景可从历史基础、理论基础与实践基础三方面进行探讨,其基本内涵包括职业教育目的论、职业教育师资论、职业教育设备论、职业教育课程论、职业教育学生论等方面,表现出面向大众的普及性、治穷治愚的社会性和科学指导下的创新性等特点。陶行知职业教育思想不仅为当时的职业教育提供指导,也能为当代职业教育的发展提供启示,对于明确职业教育培养目标,加强职业教育师资建设,优化职业教育资源设备,合理设置职业教育课程,重视职业教育学生需求等具有重要意义。

Tao Xingzhi was the main advocate of modern vocational education in China in the early stage,and his vocational education thought still has both theoretical value and practical significance.The formation background of Tao Xingzhi’s vocational education thought is discussed from the perspectives of historical basis,theoretical basis and practical basis.The basic connotation of Tao Xingzhi’s vocational education thought includes the theory of vocational education purpose,the theory of vocational education teachers,the theory of vocational education equipment,the theory of vocational education curriculum,and the theory of vocational education students.It shows the characteristics of popularizing education,and facing the public;treating poverty and ignorance,and serving the society;scientific guidance,and the courage to innovate.Tao Xingzhi’s vocational education thought not only provided guidance for the vocational education at that time,but also provided inspiration for the development of contemporary vocational education,that is,to clarify the training objectives of vocational education,strengthen the construction of vocational education teachers,optimize vocational education resources and equipment,and reasonably set vocational education courses,and pay attention to the needs of vocational education students.