细胞膜包被纳米颗粒在炎性疾病和肿瘤治疗中的研究进展

Research progress in cell membrane-coated nanoparticles in the treatment of inflammatory diseases and tumors

载药纳米颗粒已被用于疾病的诊断与治疗,但纳米颗粒缺乏靶向性,其携带的药物进入人体后大部分不能到达靶器官,且在递送过程中极易被巨噬细胞系统识别并吞噬,难以取得满意疗效。天然细胞膜包被纳米颗粒由于继承了源细胞的特定生物活性,具备低免疫原性、长半衰期、低毒性和先天靶向性等特点,弥补了无膜包被纳米颗粒的缺点。基于细胞膜的递药策略正打破传统观念成为一种极具前景的药物运送方式,本文综述细胞膜包被纳米颗粒的研究进展,包括包被常用源细胞膜、制备与表征过程及其在炎性疾病与肿瘤治疗中的应用现状。

Drug-loaded nanoparticles have been used in the process of diagnosis and treatment of diseases,but they lack targeting specificity,most of the drugs they carried cannot reach the target organs after entering the human body and are easily recognized and swallowed by the macrophage system during delivery,making it difficult to acquire satisfactory therapeutic outcomes.Natural cell membrane-coated nanoparticles inherit the specific biological activity of source cells,characterized by low immunogenicity,long half-life,low toxicity,and congenital targeting specificity,which make up for the shortcomings of non-membrane-coated nanoparticles.The drug delivery strategy based on the cell membrane is breaking the traditional concept and becoming a promising way of drug delivery.Cell membrane-coated nanoparticles,including the typically utilized source cell membranes,the process of preparation and characterization,and their application in inflammatory diseases and tumors,were reviewed in this paper.