右美托咪定联合骶管神经阻滞在痔疮切除术中的麻醉作用

Anesthetic Effect of Dexmedetomidine Combined with Sacral Nerve Block in Hemorrhoids Resection

目的研究右美托咪定联合骶管神经阻滞在痔疮切除术中的麻醉作用。方法选取2020年4月-2021年4月于我院行痔疮切除术的68例患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,各34例。对照组采用单纯骶管神经阻滞,观察组在对照组基础上联合应用右美托咪定,比较两组麻醉效果、镇静评分、疼痛评分、生命体征指标[平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)、血氧饱和度(SpO_(2))]、并发症发生率以及不良反应发生率。结果观察组阻滞起效时间均短于对照组,镇痛持续时间、苏醒时间长于对照组(P<0.05);观察组镇静评分、术后疼痛评分均低于对照组(P<0.05);两组术中MAP、HR、SpO_(2)均低于术前,但观察组高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组并发症发生率、不良反应发生率与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论右美托咪定联合骶管神经阻滞在痔疮切除术中的麻醉作用确切,可延长镇痛时间,缩短阻滞起效时间,减轻术后疼痛度,降低术中镇静评分,且对患者生命体征影响较小,不会增加不良反应和并发症,是一种安全、有效的麻醉方式。

Objective To study the anesthetic effect of dexmedetomidine combined with sacral nerve block in hemorrhoidectomy.Methods From April2020 to April 2021,68 patients who underwent hemorrhoidectomy in our hospital were selected as the research objects.They were divided into control group and observation group by random number table method,34 cases in each group.The control group was treated with simple sacral nerve block,and the observation group was treated with dexmedetomidine on the basis of the control group.The anesthetic effect,sedation score,pain score,vital signs[mean arterial pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),oxygen saturation(SpO_(2))],incidence of complications and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results The onset time of block in the observation group was shorter than those in the control group,and the duration of analgesia and recovery time were longer than that in the control group(P<0.05).The sedation score and postoperative pain score of the observation group were lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).The MAP,HR and SpO_(2)in the two groups were lower than those before operation,but the observation group was higher than the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications and adverse reactions between the observation group and the control group(P>0.05).Conclusion Dexmedetomidine combined with sacral nerve block has a definite anesthetic effect in hemorrhoids resection,which can prolong analgesia time,shorten the onset time of block,reduce postoperative pain,reduce intraoperative sedation score,and has little effect on vital signs without increasing the incidence of adverse reactions and complications.It is a safe and effective anesthesia method.