2022年泾渭河高含沙洪水调度与思考

Practice and Consideration on the Operation of the Jingwei River Hyperconcentrated Flood in 2022

2022年7月中旬,黄河中游泾渭河流域部分地区发生连续强降雨,受此影响,泾河支流马莲河庆阳水文站发生1956年以来最大洪水,渭河临潼水文站形成渭河2022年第1号洪水。黄河水利委员会预判干支流河道来水,结合泾渭河洪水处理,利用小浪底水库水位较低的有利时机,联合调度三门峡水库、小浪底水库、东平湖滞洪区等工程,实施了2022年汛期黄河调水调沙。在确保防洪安全和抗旱用水安全的前提下,塑造有利于水库、河道减淤的水沙过程,实现了水库多排沙和下游河道多输沙的目标,探索了高含沙洪水排沙调度新模式。

In the middle of July 2022, continuous heavy rainfall occurred in the Jingwei River basin in the middle reaches of the Yellow Riv⁃er. Affected by this, the largest hyperconcentrated flood since 1956 occurred at the Qingyang Hydrologic Station on the Malian River, a tribu⁃tary of the Jinghe River, and the No. 1 flood of Weihe River in 2022 was formed at the Lintong Hydrologic Station on the Weihe River. Incombination with the flood treatment of the Jingwei River, Yellow River Conservancy Commission (YRCC) predicted the incoming water fromthe main and branch rivers, and took advantage of the low water level in the Xiaolangdi Reservoir, jointly dispatched Sanmenxia and Xia⁃olangdi reservoirs, Dongping Lake flood detention area and other projects to implement the Yellow River water and sediment regulation in theflood season of 2022. On the premise of ensuring the safety of flood control and water use for drought resistance in the later period, YRCCcreated a water and sediment process conducive to the sedimentation reduction of the reservoir and channel, and achieved the goal of moresediment discharge by the reservoir and more sediment transport by the downstream channel, the new practice of sediment discharge regula⁃tion for hyperconcentrated flood had been explored.