矮生稷山牡丹的性状鉴定及转录组差异分析

Character Identification and Transcriptome Differential Analysis of Dwarf Paeonia jishanensis

为探究稷山牡丹矮化机理,本研究以矮生稷山牡丹和高株型杨山牡丹的茎段为材料,通过石蜡切片技术进行细胞学观察,利用转录组测序技术分析两种材料茎段的差异基因,并进行RT-qPCR验证。细胞学观察结果显示:稷山牡丹的细胞长度显著短于杨山牡丹,而细胞宽度和密度显著大于杨山牡丹;通过转录组测序并进行差异基因的筛选,获得122 336个差异表达基因,其中69 364个基因表达上调,52 972个表达下调。KEGG通路富集发现,与矮生性状相关的基因主要富集在脂肪酸途径和植物激素信号转导途径。筛选13个矮生相关候选基因进行RT-qPCR验证,其结果与转录组结果一致。本研究旨在从细胞及分子水平解析牡丹株高性状,挖掘其相关基因,为揭示稷山牡丹的矮生机理以及利用矮生相关的优异基因来改善株型提供了理论依据。

To explore the dwarfing mechanism of Paeonia jishanensis, the stem segments of dwarf P. jishanensis and tall poplar peony were used as the materials. Cytological observation was carried out by paraffin section technique, and the differential genes of stem segments of the two materials were analyzed by transcriptome sequencing technique, and RT-qPCR verification was carried out. The cytological observation results showed that the cell length of P. jishanensis was significantly shorter than Paeonia ostii, while the cell width and density were significantly greater than that of P. ostii. 122 336 differentially expressed genes were generated by de novo assembly, of which 69 364 genes were up-regulated and 52 972 were down-regulated. KEGG pathway enrichment found that genes related to dwarf traits were mainly enriched in fatty acid pathway and plant hormone signal transduction pathway. 13 dwarf related candidate genes were screened for RT-qPCR validation, and the results were consistent with the transcriptome results. The purpose of the study was to analyze the plant height traits at the cellular and molecular levels, and to excavate the related genes, which laid a theoretical foundation for revealing the dwarf mechanism of P.jishanensis and using the excellent genes related to dwarf to improve the plant type.