灰黄青霉CF3对木薯病原菌的拮抗性及其促生作用

The Antagonism of Penicillium griseofulvum CF3 Against the Pathogens and Its Growth-promoting Effect on Cassava

为探究灰黄青霉(Penicillium griseofulvum) CF3对金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)、大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)和木薯黄单胞菌致病变种(Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis)(XamHN01和XamHN11)的拮抗作用及其对木薯的促生作用,采用牛津杯法研究了不同发酵时间的CF3发酵液对病原菌生长的抑制作用,并采用盆栽试验研究了CF3菌剂对木薯植株的促生作用以及抗逆性的影响。结果表明CF3发酵滤液对以上靶标菌均有较强的拮抗作用,且随着发酵时间的增加,抑菌作用也逐渐加强。其中第9天的CF3发酵液对XamHN01和XamHN11的抑制效果最佳,抑菌圈直径分别高达37.67和42.67 mm。同时灰黄青霉CF3菌剂促进了木薯的生长并增强了植株的抗逆性。其中3 g/kg的CF3菌剂接种处理使株高提高了15%,茎粗提高了18%,叶绿素相对含量提高了25%,防御酶CAT、SOD、POD、PAL活力分别增长了66%、105%、40%、31%。本研究表明灰黄青霉CF3对木薯细菌性枯萎病具有较强的生防潜力,对木薯SC9具有良好的促生作用,同时能提高木薯抗性。

The aim of this study is to explore the antagonism of Penicillium griseofulvum CF3 against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis(XamHN01 and XamHN11), and its growthpromoting effect on cassava. The inhibitory effect of sterile CF3 culture filtrated with the different incubation time was evaluated with regard to the growth of bacteria pathogenic via Oxford cup method, and pot experiments were conducted to explore how CF3 spore powder promotes the growth and improves the stress resistance on cassava.The results showed that treatment with a cell-free culture filtrate of CF3 strain considerably inhibited the growth of tested bacterium, against which the antagonistic effect was gradually strengthened with the cultured time of CF3strain. Specifically, the effect of sterile CF3 culture filtrate in the ninth day was the most obvious about XamHN01and XamHN11, and the widths of inhibitory zones were 37.67 and 42.67 mm, respectively. At the same time, appli cation of CF3 spore powder via soil inoculation promoted cassava plant growth and enhanced the plant stress resistance. In particular, treatment with application of 3 g/kg CF3 spore powder increased the plant height by 15%, the stem diameter by 18%, the relative content of chlorophyll by 25%, and the activities of defense enzymes CAT, SOD,POD, and PAL increased by 66%, 105%, 40%, 31%, respectively. In conclusion, Penicillium griseofulvum CF3 has great potential for biocontrol of cassava bacterial blight, promotes growth and improves resistance on the cassava.