H型血管在改善骨丢失中的作用机制研究进展

Research progress on the mechanism of type H vessels in improving bone loss

在骨骼系统中,血管生成与骨形成之间的耦联作用可促进骨骼生长及维持骨量平衡。H型血管(CD31hiEmcnhi)是一类骨特异性毛细血管亚型,实质为血管内皮细胞,主要分布于骨干骺端,周围密布骨祖细胞,介导成血管-成骨耦联机制,其中涉及多种细胞因子及信号通路,包括血小板源性生长因子BB、轴突导向分子3、低氧诱导因子-1α、Notch信号通路、血管内皮生长因子等。H型血管通过多种细胞因子传递信号,增强血管生成和骨形成间的联系,从而调控骨生长和骨稳态;靶向增加H型血管数量可用于治疗骨丢失,为临床骨损伤修复和抗骨质疏松治疗提供参考。

In skeletal system,the coupling effect between angiogenesis and osteogenesis can promote bone growth and maintain bone mass balance.Type H vessel is a special capillary subtype in bone with high expression of Endomucin(Emcn)and CD31.The essence of type H vessel is vascular endothelial cells,mainly distributed in the metaphysis,surrounded by bone progenitor cells,which mediates the coupling mechanism of angiogenesis and osteogenesis,involving a variety of cytokines and signaling pathways.Factors including platelet-derived growth factor type BB,slit guidance ligand 3,hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha,Notch,and vascular endothelial growth factor are involved in the coupling of angiogenesis and osteogenesis.Type H vessels transmit signals through a variety of cytokines to enhance the connection between angiogenesis and bone formation,thus regulating bone growth and bone homeostasis.In addition,this article discusses the research prospects of improving bone loss by using it as a target,so as to provide reference for clinical bone injury repair and anti-osteoporosis treatment.