少子化时代日本青年就业的现状和问题

The Employment Situation and Problems of the Youth in Japan in the Era of Child-reduction

目前,没有工作、宅在家里“封闭自我”、精神“内向”的青年无业者已然成为日本严峻的社会问题。本研究从日本政府为解决少子化时代青年就业问题采取的措施、青年就业与劳动力市场状况、公共和私营部门面临的青年无业者带来的挑战等方面,探讨日本少子化时代,尤其是近年来青年劳动者的就业现状和未来面临的问题。研究发现,尽管政府采取了多种措施,但在现实中,有很多生活困窘的年轻人仍未能被就业和生活帮扶措施覆盖,无法得到相应服务,因此政府还在寻求进一步的改善措施。而要从根本上解决日本少子化时期的青年就业问题,还有很长的路要走。

At present, unemployed young people who are homebodies "closed to themselves" with their spirit "introverted" are becoming a serious social problem in Japan. This study examines the current employment situation and problems of the youth from aspects of the measures taken by the Japanese government to address the problems of child-reduction and youth employment, employment of the youth and the labor market, and the challenges faced by the unemployed youth in both the public and private sectors. The study fi nds that, despitevarious measures taken by the government, many young people living in distress,in reality, are still not covered by employment and livelihood support measures and cannot get their corresponding services, whereas the government is seeking further improvement measures. Hence, there is still a long way to go before we can fundamentally solve the problems of youth employment in Japan in the period of childlessness.