平台零工劳动对我国劳动关系的影响——基于众包型数据标注师的研究

The Impact of Platform Gig Labor on Labor Relations in China——Based on the Research of Platform Crowdsourcing Data Annotators

平台零工劳动的兴起是社会发展的内在需求,也是技术创新的产物。平台众包型数据标注劳动是平台零工劳动的一种典型形式,人工智能的发展、企业生产组织方式的变革、缓解就业压力的需要等因素的综合作用使其得以规模化兴起。它具有以互联网为主要劳动工具、工作任务的碎片化和简单化、劳动的高度灵活性和自主性、社会关系的弱化和人的原子化等特点。这种“平台+个人”的新型用工形式对我国已有的劳动雇佣模式、劳动关系认定框架、社会保障体系造成了一定的冲击和挑战,使众多数据标注零工们面临着工作和收入不稳定、缺乏社会保障的困境。因此,需要结合其劳动特点,调整已有劳动关系认定标准、完善社会保障体系、引导平台企业承担主体责任,从而更好地保障平台零工的基本权益。

The rise of platform gig labor is the product of the combination of social development internal demand and technological innovation.Platform crowdsourcing data labeling labor is a typical form of platform gig labor. The development of artifi cial intelligence, the reform of enterprise production and organization mode, the need to alleviate employment pressure and other factors make it rise on a large scale. It is characterized by the Internet as the main tool of labor, the fragmentation and simplifi cation of work tasks, the high flexibility and autonomy of labor, the weakening of social relations and the atomization of human beings. This new form of "platform + individual" has brought a certain impact and challenge to China’s existing labor employment mode, labor relations identifi cation framework and social security system, which makes many gig jobs face the dilemma of unstable labor and income and lack of social security. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the existing labor relations identifi cation standards, improve the social security system, guide the platform enterprises to assume the main responsibility, so as to better protect the basic rights and interests of gig workers on the platform according to their labor characteristics.