四游标分光计的设计与实验教学应用

Design of four-vernier spectrometer and its application in experimental teaching

为丰富基于分光计的大学物理实验课程教学内容,设计并制作了四游标分光计.该分光计以位置可固定的刻度盘的刻度线为基准,其中1对游标用于实现准直管旋转角度的精确测量,另1对游标用于实现望远镜旋转角度的精确测量.以三棱镜折射率的精确测量为例,详细给出了四游标分光计的使用方法及操作步骤,测量得出低压汞灯绿色谱线在ZF1重火石玻璃材质中的折射率n=1.6544±0.0007,实验结果与理论值相符.

In order to enrich the teaching content of college physics experiment course based on the spectrometer,a four-vernier spectrometer was designed and manufactured.With the help of division of the dials whose position could be fixed,one pair of verniers was used to accurately measure the rotation angle of the collimator,and the other pair of verniers was used to measure the rotation angle of the telescope.Taking the accurate measurement of the refractive index of the prism as an example,the methods and steps of the four-vernier spectrometer were given in detail.The refractive index of green spectral lines of low-pressure mercury lamp in ZF1 heavy flint glass was measured,that was n=1.6544±0.0007,and the experimental result was in agreement with the theoretical values.