迈克耳孙干涉仪与光学自相关测量

Michelson interferometer and optical autocorrelation measurement

“迈克耳孙干涉仪与光学自相关测量”是北京大学基础物理实验教学中心开设“综合物理实验”课程中的实验项目.作为该项目的教学辅助材料,本文旨在引导学生在熟悉教学型迈克耳孙干涉仪及其实验的基础上,尝试理解迈克耳孙干涉原理在现代科技中的应用,深入研究基于迈克耳孙干涉仪器的光学自相关测量机制,搭建基于教学型迈克耳孙干涉仪的傅里叶变换光谱仪或者光学相干层析成像的实验系统,探究相关的物理与技术问题.文中插入了一些“思考与练习”的题目,希望学生能以问题为导向来具体理解相关的物理内容和实验技术.最后的“教学要求”明确了实验的基本内容、面谈环节重点讨论的具体问题和后续深入研究的主要方向.

Michelson interferometer and optical autocorrelation measurement was an experimental project in the course of comprehensive physics experiment offered by the Teaching Center for Experimental Physics of Peking University.As an auxiliary teaching material of the project,this paper aimed to guide students try to understand the application of Michelson interferometer principle in modern science and technology on the basic of understanding the teaching-typed Michelson interferometer and its basic experiments.Then the students could deeply study the optical autocorrelation measurement mechanism of Michelson interferometry,and built an experimental system of Fourier transform spectrometer or optical coherence tomography based on the Michelson interferometer,as well explore the relevant physical and technical issues.Some“thinking and practice”questions were inserted in this paper,hoping that students could take them as the guidance to specifically understand the relevant physical content and experimental techniques.Finally,the“teaching requirements”clarified the basic contents of the experiment,the specific issues to be discussed in the interview and the main directions for further investigation.