住院老年患者内在能力的现状和影响因素分析

Analysis of the status and factors influencing the intrinsic capacity of hospitalized elderly patients

目的探讨住院老年患者内在能力现状及影响因素,为进一步采取积极措施维持老年人功能和改善预后提供参考依据。方法采用便利抽样的方法,选取2020年3月—2022年4月入住医院老年医学病房的264例老年患者作为研究对象,应用WHO推荐的内在能力评估工具、老年人共病指数(GIC)及一般资料问卷进行调查,分析住院老年患者的内在能力现状及影响因素。结果264例老年患者的内在能力得分为2.0(2.0,3.0),有94.32%(249/263)的老年住院患者存在至少1个维度的内在能力下降。单因素分析中内在能力不同状态的老年住院患者之间年龄、婚姻状况、居住情况及GIC疾病数目与GIC疾病负担存在差异(P<0.05)。Logistics回归分析提示年龄(OR=0.904,95%CI:0.869~0.941)及居住情况(OR=0.254,95%CI:0.092~0.700)是住院老年患者内在能力的独立影响因素。结论住院老年患者内在能力下降的情况普遍存在。年龄和居住情况是住院老年患者内在能力的影响因素。虽然老年人多病共存在一定程度上与内在能力具有相关性,但并非内在能力的独立影响因素。

Objective To explore the status and factors influencing the intrinsic capacity of hospitalized elderly patients,in order to provide a reference for further activity to maintain the function of the elderly and improve the outcome.Methods Using a convenience sampling meth⁃od,264 elderly patients admitted to the geriatric ward from March 2020 to April 2022 were select⁃ed as the study population,and the WHO-recommended intrinsic capacity assessment tool,the Geriatric Index of Comorbidity(GIC)and the General Information Questionnaire were applied to analyze the status and factors influencing the intrinsic capacity of hospitalized elderly patients.Re⁃sults The intrinsic capacity score of 264 elderly patients was 2.0(2.0,3.0),and 94.32%(249/263)of elderly inpatients had a decrease in at least one dimension of intrinsic capacity.There were differences in age,marital status,residence status,and number of GIC diseases and GICdisease burden among elderly inpatients with different status of intrinsic capacity in univariate analysis(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis suggested that age(OR=0.904,95%CI:0.869 to 0.941)and residence status(OR=0.254,95%CI:0.092 to 0.700)were independent influences on the intrinsic capacity of hospitalized elderly patients.Conclusion Intrinsic capacity impairment in hospitalized elderly patients is common.Age and residential status are influential factors in the intrinsic capacity of hospitalized elderly patients.Although multi-morbidity in older adults is correlated to intrinsic capacity to some extent,but it is not an independent influence of in⁃trinsic capacity.