共产主义社会还需要家庭吗?--布达佩斯学派对未来家庭形式及其可能性的探讨

The Communist Society Still Needs Families or Not?--Budapest Schools'Discussion about the Family Forms and its Possibilities in the Future

受卢卡奇总体性原则和方法论的启发,作为东欧新马克思主义重要分支的布达佩斯学派及其成员积极探索生活方式的革命,实现宏观“阶级革命”到日常生活“微观革命”的转向。在《共产主义与家庭》中,赫勒和瓦伊达将社会变革的中心落在家庭,考察了当代资本主义社会家庭的功能以及存在的危机,指出家庭是变革社会关系、转变生存方式的微观单位,他们将家庭视作建构“自由人的联合体”的细胞,并思考了共产主义社会是否需要家庭以及需要什么样的家庭,勾勒了未来共产主义社会的家庭特征:第一,作为人道化的共同体;第二,将私人事务变为公共事务;第三,建立在民主和自由基础上的生产单位。他们认为,虽然家庭变革没有缓和社会矛盾和冲突,却唤起了无产阶级阶级意识,为共产主义的过渡创造了前提和条件。

Inspired by Lukacs'overall social revolution,the Budapest School and its members,as an important branch of New Marxism in Eastern Europe,actively explore the revolution of life style and realize the transformation from macroscopic"class revolution"to"micro revolution"in daily life.In"The Communism and the Family",Heller and Vajda focus on the social change in the family,inspect the the function of family and existing crisis of contemporary capitalist society,to point out that the family as the core change area of social relations and is the survival micro units.They explores to build upon"free association"family,whether the Communist Society still needs family or not and what kind of family it needs.They Outline the family features of the communist society in the future:a humanized community;making private matters public;a democratic and free unit.They believe that although the family reform does not alleviate social contradictions and conflicts,it creates the premise and conditions for the transition of communism.