具有导流板直线翼垂直轴风力机气动特性分析

Study on aerodynamic characteristics of straight-bladedvertical axis wind turbine with guide vane

为了改善直线翼垂直轴风力机的气动特性,通过在风力机外部安装平板型导流板,用以改变来流方向,改善叶片周围流动情况,从而提升风力机的气动特性.以采用NACA0018翼型的4叶片小型直线翼垂直轴风力机为对象,在风力机外部均匀安装了6枚平板型导流板,采用二次正交旋转设计方法,对导流板的宽度、角度和与风力机距离进行研究.以平均静态力矩为指标,通过数值模拟研究得到一组最优的导流板结构参数,并对静态流场进行了分析.根据数值模拟得到的最优导流板结构参数,制作了导流板及风力机模型,进行了风洞试验.结果表明:导流板的安装有效提升了直线翼垂直轴风力机的启动性能和气动性能.在10 m/s风速下,与无导流板的风力机相比,有导流板的风力机最大静力矩系数提升了35.6%,功率系数提升了39.5%.结论可为采用导流板来提升风力机性能的研究提供有益的参考.

In order to improve the aerodynamic characteristics of the straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbine,a plate type guide vane was installed outside the wind turbine to change the direction of the incoming flow,improve the flow around the blade and enhance the aerodynamic characteristics of the wind turbine.A small-scale straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbine with four-bladed of NACA0018 airfoil was used as the object to study the width,angle and distance from the wind turbine by using a quadratic orthogonal rotational design method with six flat plate type guide vanes uniformly installed on the outside of the wind turbine.Taking the average static torque coefficient as the target,a set of optimal guide vane structure parameters was obtained by numerical simulation study and the static flow field was analyzed.Based on the optimal guide vane structure parameters obtained from the numerical simulation,a model of the guide vane and wind turbine was fabricated and wind tunnel tests were conducted.The results show that the installation of the guide vane could effectively improve the starting performance and aerodynamic performance of the straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbine.When the wind speed is 10 m/s,the maximum static torque coefficient and power coefficient of the wind turbine increase by 35.6%and 39.5%,respectively,compared with the wind turbine without a guide vane.This study can provide a useful reference for research on the use of guide vanes to enhance the perfor-mance of wind turbines.