国外数字人文众包个人信息保护研究及启示——以网站运营者“隐私政策”为视角

Research on the Protection of Personal Information in Foreign Digital Humanities Crowdsourcing and the Enlightenment to China——From the Perspective of Website Operator’s Privacy Policy

[目的/意义]本研究通过对国外代表性数字人文众包项目中隐私政策框架及内容的梳理,为我国数字人文众包项目中个人信息保护及隐私政策制定提供参考。[方法/过程]采用扎根理论以及LDA主题建模对国外47个代表性数字人文众包平台网站的隐私政策进行主题鉴别和编码分析,梳理隐私政策的文本框架,并对不同发起平台、国家(地区)以及不同类型的数字人文众包隐私政策的结构框架与内容进行比较分析;与此同时,探索我国代表性数字人文众包项目中个人信息保护隐私政策方面的现状。[结果/结论]研究发现:国外数字人文众包隐私政策框架涉及信息内容、信息安全、信息存储、信息共享、信息使用、信息收集及用户权利7个维度,其中对信息收集、信息安全、信息内容3个维度关注度较高,对“用户权利”这一维度的关注度均相对较低;不同发起平台、国家(地区)及项目类型所属维度内容特征存在差异,相对来说,发起平台中档案馆和博物馆,发起国中英国和新西兰,在数字人文众包项目隐私政策的指标完整度较高,转录型指标完整度相对较低;较之国内数字人文众包隐私政策,国外政策的类目体系更加完整,内容覆盖面广,尤其是开始重视14岁以下未成年人群体;最后从隐私政策框架、隐私政策文本差异、用户权利、未成年人4个方面对我国数字人文众包项目个人信息的保护研究提出建议。

[Purpose/Significance]Through a review of the structural framework and content of privacy policies of representative foreign digital humanities crowdsourcing projects, this paper provides reference to the protection of personal information in digital humanities crowdsourcing projects in China.[Method/Process]This paper used Grounded Theory and LDA model to identify and code the privacy policies of 47 representative foreign digital humanities crowdsourcing projects, sort out the textual framework of privacy policies, and compare the structural framework and content of privacy policies of digital humanities crowdsourcing projects in different initiating platforms, countries and different types;Meanwhile, The current status of privacy policies of representative digital humanities crowdsourcing projects in China were also explored.[Result/Conclusion]The results show that the privacy policy includes seven dimensions: information content, information security, information storage, information sharing, information use, information collection and user power.The attention to the dimensions of Information Collection, Information Security and Information Content is relatively high, the attention to the dimension of User Rights is relatively low.The content characteristics of different implementation subjects, countries and different project types are different;Archives and museums in the initiating institutions and the UK and New Zealand in the initiating countries have higher index integrity in the privacy policy of digital humanities crowdsourcing projects.The integrity of transcriptional Digital Humanities crowdsourcing index is relatively low;Compared with the domestic privacy policies of digital humanities crowdsourcing projects, the category system of foreign policies is more complete and the content coverage is wider, especially the group of minors under the age of 14.Finally, this paper puts forward some suggestions on the protection of personal information of digital humanities crowdsourcing project in China from four aspects: privacy policy framework, industry self-discipline, Differences in privacy policy texts, the power of the subject and juvenile protection measures.