都护在燕然:唐永徽元年北疆治边机构的调整

Protecting all in Yanran:The Adjustment of Border Administration in the North in the First Year of Yonghui

燕然都护府与云中、定襄二都督府是唐王朝经略北疆的主要治边机构,也是探究唐初北疆政局演变的重要窗口。永徽元年,车鼻政权覆灭,大漠南北尽归王化,学界根据唐廷一贯遵循的“隔碛分治”原则,提出了北疆治理格局的“三府说”“二府说”和“一府说”。实际上,北疆羁縻府州的数量因大漠一统而激增,但都护府却只有一个,即负责导引漠北诸部宾贡的燕然都护府,至于漠南羁縻族群则由云中、定襄二都督府监统。

The Yanran Protectorate(燕然都护府),as well as Yunzhong(云中)and Dingxiang(定襄)prefectural governnorates were the main northern border governing institutions of the Tang Dynasty.A study on them also affords an important window into exploring the political evolution in the north in the early Tang Dynasty.In the first year of Yonghui(永徽),the Regime of Chebi was crashed and the whole Mongolian Plateau was unified by the Tang Dynasty.According to the principle of“separation by moraine and partition”which had always been adhered by the Tang Dynasty,there have been put forward three hypothesis,namely“three-protectorate theory”,“two-protectorate theories”and“one-protectorate theory”regarding the governance pattern of the northern territory.In fact,the type of Jimi prefectures on the Mongolian grassland had indeed proliferated after the unification,but there was only one protectorate,which was responsible for strengthening the contact with the northern part of the plateau.The rest of the southern tribes under Jimi prefectures was under the supervision and leadership of the two governors of Yunzhong and Dingxiang.