晚清民国时期的中国旧海关地图探析

An Investigation of Chinese Customs Maps, from Late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China

晚清民国时期测绘出版的近千幅旧海关地图,是当时绘制出版的中国地图的主要部分,一般附于旧海关内部出版物之中,其部分地图的科学性、准确性总体上超过了大部分的传统地图,且基本上图文并茂。由于旧海关内部出版物深锁于国内外的图书馆和档案馆中,少有学者能窥海关出版物之真容,夹在书中的地图更不易被发现和利用。本文对近千幅旧海关地图的绘制时间、地图数量的空间差异、记载内容的分类,以及海关地图的来源、绘制特点,都做了比较全面的介绍,以便于学者开发利用旧海关地图。

In the era spanning from the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China,the Chinese Customs charted and published Chinese maps that amounted to close to one thousand.They constituted most of the maps charted and published contemporarily in China.Many of these maps were superior in quality and accuracy than most traditional maps and were supplemented with detailed texts.Given that Chinese Customs publications are mostly collected in libraries and archives that restrict access,the maps are also generally neglected by researchers.To familiarize researchers with them,this paper provides a detailed introduction to these maps,which covers the time of their charting,the variation in the areas charted,a classification of their types,and the origins and characteristics of these maps.