解脂耶氏酵母基于木质纤维素原料生产化学品研究进展

Advances in the Production of Chemicals from Lignocellulosic Material by Yarrowia lipolytica

解脂耶氏酵母具有遗传背景清晰、分子操作体系较为成熟、抗逆性强、底物谱广、有机酸和蛋白质分泌能力强等优点,在微生物发酵生产化学品领域极具应用潜力。木质纤维素是丰富的可再生生物质资源,以木质纤维素原料替代化石原料生产化学品对于缓解全球能源危机、保障粮食安全等意义重大。解脂耶氏酵母可以天然代谢木质纤维素水解产生的葡萄糖,但对其他水解产物(如木糖)的利用效率极低。综述解脂耶氏酵母利用木质纤维素原料的代谢途径及改造策略,以木质纤维素原料生产化学品为例,重点讨论该过程中的主要瓶颈问题及解决办法,为后续研究提供参考。

Yarrowia lipolytica has great application potential in the field of microbial fermentation of chemicals due to its clear genetic background,relatively mature molecular manipulation system,strong stress resistance,broad substrate spectrum,and strong organic acid and protein secretion capabilities.Lignocellulose is the most abundant renewable biomass resource on the earth,and the use of lignocellulose materials to replace fossil materials to produce chemicals is of great significance in alleviating global energy crisis and ensuring food security.Y.lipolytica can naturally metabolize glucose produced by hydrolysis of lignocellulose.However,the utilization efficiency of other hydrolysis products such as xylose is extremely low.This article reviews the metabolic pathways and engineering strategies of Y.lipolytica using lignocellulosic materials,as well as examples of using lignocellulosic materials to produce chemicals,and focuses on the bottlenecks in this process.The solutions to these bottlenecks were also discussed,with the aim to provide useful information for relevant studies in this field.