低共熔溶剂对酶的影响及应用研究

Effects of Deep Eutectic Solvents on Enzyme

低共熔溶剂是由一定化学计量比的氢键受体和氢键供体组合而成的新型绿色溶剂,具有成本低、易制备、环境友好等特点,可以作为普通有机溶剂和离子液体的替代溶剂。酶作为生物催化剂时反应条件温和,对反应底物专一性高,并且具有极高的催化效率和反应速度。酶促反应通常发生在水溶液体系,但近年来发现在低共熔溶剂中酶促反应也能有效进行。综述酶与低共熔溶剂共同作用的机理以及低共熔溶剂在酶促反应中的应用,展望未来的研究方向,为酶促反应体系的进一步开发奠定理论基础。

Deep eutectic solvent is a new type of green solvent,which is composed of hydrogen bond acceptor and hydrogen bond donor with a certain stoichiometric ratio.It has low preparation cost and is friendly to the environment.It can be used as an alternative solvent for ordinary organic solvents and ionic liquids.As a biocatalyst,enzyme has mild reaction conditions,high substrate specificity,and high catalytic efficiency and reaction speed.Enzymatic reaction usually occurs in aqueous solution,but recently it has been found that it can also be carried out effectively in deep eutectic solvents.In order to better understand the effects of deep eutectic solvents on enzyme,the mechanism of the interaction between enzyme and deep eutectic solvents and the latest progress in application are systematically discussed.At the same time,the advantages and disadvantages of deep eutectic solvents in enzymatic reaction are evaluated.Finally,the future development prospects are discussed.